The History Of Tibetan Monks In Song Dynasty

Since the introduction of Buddhism to China in the Han Dynasty,and after the development of the Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties,Sui,Tang and Five Dynasties,the Buddhism has completely transformed into Chinese-style Buddhism in the Song Dynasty.And due to the support of the Song Emperor,it has created a good political atmosphere for the ripe of the Chinese Buddhism.In the Song Dynasty,there has a harmonious relationship between the government and the religion.While give preferential policies to the Buddhism,the Song Emperor also use the Buddhism to induce in the work of SiYi,and attract a large number of monks being foreigners to china,give a good treatment to them,and take this to persuade the surrounding tribe into the Song tribute.In other words,keeping a watchful eye on monks being foreigners has a significant value to the research of the relationship of the Song Dynasty and the SiYi besides the value of the Buddhism's history.However,the research of the monks being foreigners groups tends to be fragmentation and localization in academia,and it seems rare of the systematic discussion.So this paper will review and analyze the history documents and archaeological data on the basis of previous studies,hoping to make a systematic discussion on monks being foreigners.Through study the activities of the monks being foreigners groups in Song Dynasty,to show the brief picture of the Song Dynasty's Buddhism,reflect the relationship of the Song Dynasty and the neighboring nations,and reveal the essence of using Buddhism to rule over the SiYi by Song Dynasty.This paper mainly takes up discussion from four aspects.The first part briefly discuss the situation that the Song Dynasty dispatch Chinese monks to the journey further west and grant the Buddhist texts to monks being foreigners,to state the tendency that the Song Dynasty use Buddhism to rule the SiYi.The second part discusses the route of monks being foreigners enter into the Song Dynasty.Because of the history records on this respect are so brief,only can we infer the route roughly.The third part is the main body of the paper,it mainly discuss the monks activities in Song Dynasty that from the India,Khotan,Kucha,Gaochang,Ganzhou Uighur,Guazhou,Shazhou,Tibetan,Goryeo and Japan.Besides,it clarify the relationship of these regime and the Song Dynasty in brief,lay emphasis on the study of the specific monks' lifetime and their activities in Song Dynasty,and also talk about the monks groups left.The forth part analyze the activities of the monks being foreigners in Song Dynasty further.By study the three aspects that the monks being foreigners' activity area in Song Dynasty,there role in Song Dynasty and there political relation to the Song Dynasty,to observe there social role played in Song Dynasty society.Through the research of the monks being foreigners groups in Song Dynasty,I think that the monks being foreigners groups have played an important role in the relationship between the SiYi and the Song Dynasty,monks being foreigners not only are the pioneer of the Buddhist cultural exchange in between SiYi and the Song Dynasty,but also a window that the Song Dynasty deals with the relationship with SiYi.