A Study On The Poems Of Buddhist Monks Living In Mountains In The Northern Song Dynasty

In Buddhist literature,Shanju is a common type of poetry and Zen monks are main of creative group.The Northern Song Dynasty is the golden age of the development of Zen.For Zen monks,Shanju Poetry is a reflection of religious thoughts and spiritual realm,folly embodies the integration of Zen and poetry.From these poems,We can see the state of Zen monks' daily life,feel their inner joy and morally lofty,realize their exhortation and mercy.Various forms,vulgar and elegant,profound implications.The creation of Zen is deeply influenced by the Zen thought.Although the origin of Shanju Poetry can be traced back to a long time ago,the connection with the group of Zen monks occurred after the Middle of Tang Dynasty.The Northern Song Dynasty was the development stage of Shanju Poetry of Zen monks.Zen began to integrate in the ideological field and devoted itself to literary creation under the promotion of secularization.Judging from the distribution of sects and regions,the Zen monks who has Shanju Poetry mainly belong to the two sects of Linji and Yunmen.Their native place and the place of dharma propagation were concentrated in the southern of region,and their creation of time was mainly in the middle and late of Northern Song Dynasty.In these Shanju Poetry,Zen monks' descriptions of daily life are full of poetic meaning.On the one hand,they describe their living environment in a relaxed and cheerful mood.On the other hand,trifles such as clothes,food,shelter and transportation appear in the poems in large quantities,which fully reflects the daily routine of the Zen Buddhism in the Song Dynasty.The elaboration of Zen monks' thoughts on Buddhism reflects the individual's understanding of Zen.From the perspective of calmly observing the growth and decline of all things,they realize the impermanence of the world,the emptiness of all dharma,and the eternal nature of Buddhism.In different ways,they preached the Zen philosophy to the lost beings,full of exhortation and irony.The expression of Zen monk's experience of zen joy embodies the spiritual pleasure and detachment after meditation.They take nature as their friend,as their daily life,and reveal the leisure and satisfaction after all the ready-made things,as well as the freedom and ease of random luck.Their negation of the concept of fame and achievement and their forgetfulness of right,gains and losses make their simple life appear lofty and gracious.Shanju Poetry by Zen monks in the Northern Song Dynasty have rich forms and profound religious connotations.Such a feature is mainly reflected in the rich and flexible genre,elegant and vulgar language and profound and diverse implications.In essence,Shanju Poetry of Zen monk is a kind of poetic gatha with rich forms and profound religious implications.It is characterized by seven-character quatrains,rhetorical questions and imperative sentences,and its rhythm is flexible and changeable.The language takes the popular as the natural quality,manifests in "the vulgar in the elegant" and "the vulgar in the elegant" two aspects.The question and answer mode of public case and the image of philosophy and pluralism show its rich connotation.Through the discussion of its artistic characteristics,we can not only show the literary characteristics of Shanju Poetry,but also search the uniqueness of Shanju Poetry under the influence of religious thoughts.In relation to the later Shanju Poetry,The literati Shanju Poetry of the Song Dynasty were similar to the Zen monks'Shanju Poetry in terms of theme,form and artistic style,but they did not have the purport of preaching Buddhism.Later generations of Zen monks continued and enriched the writing form of Shanju Poetry,which was similar to Shanju Poetry of Zen monks in the Northern Song Dynasty in terms of themes and writing techniques.The Shanju Poetry by Zen monks in the Northern Song Dynasty have the significance of connecting the past and the future.