A Comparative Study Of Foucault's Early And Late Body Views

Looking at Foucault's philosophical thoughts,we can find that throughout his life he has used the body as the fulcrum to see through every theme of Foucault----society,history,civilization,power,knowledge,discourse,sex,and so on.The body is the solid carrier of his theory.Is an important aspect of understanding his philosophy.However,the academic community has always focused on Foucault's theory of power.This paper will examine the early and late development of Foucault's view of body,and try to compare the paradox of Foucault's view of body between early and late.Combining with the background of the times,this paper analyzes the reasons for the change of Foucault's concern,and explains his late survival beauty.The idea of learning is actually a continuation and advancement of the early thought.Chapter one analyzes the philosophical origin and realistic context of Foucault's body view.Foucault's body view does not come out of thin air.This chapter will sort out how the body enters Foucault's theoretical field of vision.The body is always on the edge of the unknown,and its protruding has been baptized for a long time.From Plato in ancient Greece to the Middle Ages when Christianity suppressed humanity,the body has been regarded as the source of all evil.Is a stumbling block to the path of truth.Descartes' "I think,so I am" is on the epistemological level has intensified the body's sin,established the consciousness unshakable priority.Until Nietzsche's appearance.He advocated that everything should start from the body,restore the perceptual power of the body,break through the shackles of rationalism on people.This is a philosophical source of body entering Foucault's field of vision.At the same time,since the 1960 s,After the trauma of World War II,a negative trend of thought arose on the European continent.The educated young people responded to authority,rationality and humanity one after another.The shackles of science and so on which bind people's thoughts raise negative questions.It is in this philosophical origin and realistic context that we should explore Foucault's view of body.The second chapter is based on Foucault's early works "Mad and Civilization","discipline and punishment" and "A History of sexual experience".Analysis of Foucault's early body view.Foucault's earlier research work is mainly based on the methodology of knowledge archaeology and genealogy.The complicity mechanism of discourse is analyzed in depth in history to show the passive state of modern man's dominant position,that is,the dilemma of existence that we are ruled by all kinds of hidden forces,so his early body view is suffocating.The body is completely trapped in a conspiracy to escape,the body has been branded by history,engraved with the calendar The seal of historical events will be divided into three parts: the body of knowledge shaping,the body of power discipline,and the body of discourse control.The essence of these three forms of restraint is to explain the passivity and tact of the body in Foucault's early vision.The third chapter is based on the lecture of Foucault French College,the second and third volumes of the late works "A History of sexual experience" and the "main body Hermeneutics".Foucault shifted his focus from the mechanism of power to the distant ancient Greece,excavated a large number of ancient Greek and Roman data files,and put forward what can be said to be his great thought in his later years-survival aesthetics.He attempts to focus on himself,break through himself,live aesthetically and poetically through the "technique of self" and "extreme experience" of the ancient Greeks,and make his body and life a work of art.Chapter four discusses the reason of the change of Foucault's view of body and its contemporary value.Foucault's thought changed in the late 1970 s,from the early thought that the body can only be tamed and passive by the construction of power,knowledge and discourse.In the late period,we began to seek the resistance and transcendence of the body and the subversive power of the subject life.Finally,we reiterate the importance of Foucault's view of body,how to treat the body correctly in the face of the alienation of science and technology to the body in today's society.How to use the body properly and restore the emotional strength of the body is closely related to the life of each of us.