Discussion On The Processing Mode Of The Two Systems In The Decision-making Process Of The Dual Processing Theory

According to the dual-process theory there are two cognitive processing systems-heuristic and analytical systems in the decision-making.It has been found that heuristic system and analytical system interact with each other in decision making,and the dominant one decides the decision result,but there is still much controversy about whether the two systems are processed at the same time or successively in the decision-making process.Although a large number of studies have discussed this dispute,there is no strong experimental evidence to support it.Therefore,the processing methods of the two decision-making systems under the dual processing theory need more empirical exploration.In this paper,we use the Process dissociation Procedure(PDP)and different decision-making tasks--decision by description and decision by experience,to better understand how heuristic and analytic processes interact to determine the decision.The purpose of the pre-experiment is to explore the time required for reading tasks and to verify the validity of the task type.The results show that the time of reading is similar to previous studies.When the two systems work in different directions,the decision options in the experience decision task can be predicted by the heuristic system.The decision options in the descriptive decision-making task can be predicted by the analytical system strategy,so the task type is manipulated effectively.In Experiment 1,the processing mode of the two system is discussed under the different task types.The processing of the two system is manipulated by time pressure and target.In the experience decision task,the heuristic system is stimulated and the analytical system is inhibited by the influence of the time pressure and the target of choice as soon as possible.In the descriptive decision-making task,the rational choice is required and sufficient thinking time is provided,and the analytical system is fully stimulated to process correction.The results show that there is no obvious difference in the response of two systems to the opposite direction of the work direction in both tasks,which supports the view that the two system is parallel processing in the decision-making process.In experiment 2,the contribution rate of two system was used as the dependent variable.In the different task types,the processing mode of the two system was discussed by controlling the cognitive load and the change of the two system contribution rate.The results show that in the descriptive decision-making task,the increase of cognitive load affects the processing of the analytical system,but has no effect on the heuristic system,which is consistent with the previous research.There is no significant difference in the contribution rate between the cognitive load group and the non-cognitive load group under the experience decision task,which further supports the two system parallel views.The both results of Experiment 1 and experiment2 are support the idea that two systems are processed at the same time and parallel during decision-making.