A Textual Research On The Family History Of The Five Kings Of Le'an, Ruyin, Guangyang, Zhang Wu And Zhongshan In The Northern Wei Dynasty

There are six epitaphs including Yuan Yue(two people named Yuan Qingan and Yuan Xinan),Yuan Zhan(two people named Yuan Shishen and Yuan Zhenxing),Yuan Ying(two people named Yuan bohu and Yuan Huer).They belong to five families of Northern Wei royal family.Yuan Qingan belong to the Le An prince family.Yuan Xinan belong to the Ru Yin prince family.Yuan Shishen belong to the Guang Yang prince family.Yuan Zhenxing belong to the Zhang Wu prince family.Yuan Bohu and Yuan Huer belong to the Zhongshan prince family.This paper will research their families by proofreading and explaining the six epitaphs.The first chapter is the epitaph research about Yuan Qingan and Yuan Xinan.Yuan Qingan's family live in Jiapingli.Their tombs are located between Xujiagou,Anjiagou and Houli.Yuan Xinan's epitaph is forged on the basis of Yuan Gu's epitaph.Le An prince family and the Ru Yin prince family members determine the rise and fall of family status.The second chapter is the epitaph research about Yuan Shishen and Yuan Zhenxing.Yuan Shishen's family place of residence is unknown because of less family member and less epitaph.Yuan Zhenxing's family residence from Kuanrenli to Suiwuli.They live the Xiuzhengli after movint capital.They build family graveyard near Nan An prince family graveyard on Anjiagou and Zhengao.The Guang Yang prince and Zhang Wu prince have many similarities.For examply,they are valued in Xiaowen emperor.Both princes participate in the pacification of the six regions insurgency.They are all about the forces in the Northern Frontier Towns.The third chapter is the epitaph research about Yuan Bohu and Yuan Huer.Yuan Bohu's epitaph is forged.on the basis of Yuan Ying's biography in Weishu.Yuan Huer's family residence is Gushuili.Their family graveyard located in the north of Anjiagou nearly the family graveyard of Zhang Wu prince.They all belong to the family graveyard of Nan An prince.Yuan Huer's epitaph is forged on the basis of Yuan Bohu's epitaph.Yuan Huer belong to the Zhongshan prince,its status has been showing a downward trend.In a word,Le An prince family begin to decline from Yuan Xu period.Guang Yang prince family begin to rise from Yuan Jia period and become the most powerful in the Yuan Yuan period.After Yuan Hui is valued by court,Guang Yang prince family begin to decline.After that,Guang Yang prince family has improvement in Yuan Shishen period and decline when Gao Cheng is murdered by Yuan Jin.Ru Yin prince family begin to decline in late period of Yuan Tianci.Zhang Wu prince family has been relatively stable.Nan An prince family has the highest status in Yuan Huer period.After Yuan Xi Incident and Heyin Incident,it begin to weaken.