The Age Characteristics Of The Development Of The Seven Psychological Qualities Of Chinese Children And Educational Suggestions

The purpose of this study is to investigate the development of the seven psychological qualities of Chinese children aged 9-18 years with a large sample,explore the age characteristics and rules of the development of the psychological qualities of Chinese children,so as to further find out the problems in the development of the seven psychological qualities of Chinese children,and propose corresponding educational suggestions.Considering the imbalances and the differences of regional development in our country,to ensure representativeness and validity of the sample,with the method of stratified sampling,the research sampled children aged 9-18 years in cities,counties and villages from the eastern,central and western regions,to investigate the psychological quality of self-confidence,attention,sympathy,tolerance,calmness,tenacity,innovation.A total of 78,682 questionnaires were distributed and 77,939 were effectively recovered.The research results showed that:In general,the overall mean values of self-confidence,sympathy and innovation of children aged 9 to 18 years old are 5.35,4.41 and 4.60 respectively;the overall mean values of attention and tenacity are 3.76 and 3.73 respectively;the overall mean values of tolerance and calmness are 3.16 and 3.07 respectively.There are significant age differences in the development of children's seven psychological qualities.Specifically,the development level of children's self-confidence quality shows a declining trend on the whole,and 11-year-old is the decline point.The quality of children's attention declined with age,and the gap between ages was large.The development level of children's sympathy quality declined with age,and the decline of boys was earlier than girls.The development level of children's tolerance quality declined with fluctuation on the whole,and the age of 15 is the cut-off point of children's tolerance quality.The development of children's calmness quality can be roughly divided into three stages,and the three stages roughly coincide with the learning stages,and 12-year-old is the decline point.The development of children's tenacity quality is different in different age groups,and the overall change stage is roughly consistent with the learning stages.The development of children's innovation quality is divided into two stages at 14 years old,and children in senior high school were more inclined to innovate in thought,while children in junior high school and primary school were more inclined to innovate in daily life.According to the age characteristics of the seven psychological qualities of children found in the survey and the problems that need to be paid attention to in the development,suggestions are proposed in this study as follows:pay attention to the inner multidimensional quality of children's self-confidence,especially pay attention to the development of problem solving self-confidence and ideal self-confidence,and reduce the self-confidence gap of children of the same age;focus on the development and change of children's quality of attention during the transition period,and reduce the gap in the development of attention quality of children in the lower age group;reduce the development gap of sympathy quality among children of the same age in junior high school,and pay attention to the development of sympathy quality of children in the transition period of the school,pay attention to the weaker sympathy among boys;follow the difference in children's tolerance quality development at the dividing point age of 15;pay attention to the gender differences in children's calmness quality development and the instability of girls' calmness quality with age;the cultivation of children's tenacity quality can be referred to subsection cultivation;focus on changing the way of cultivation in the innovation quality of children after 15 years old.