The Confucian Evaluation Of The Value Of "rituals" In The Pre-Qin Dynasty

In the long history of more than 5,000 years in China,the Pre-Qin Dynasty was an era of contention among hundreds of schools of thought,and many factions appeared.Some of them developed in the course of disputes with each other,while others gradually disappeared.In the pre-Qin Dynasty,when the war was continuing and the people suffered terribly,Confucianism had not disappeared and was in an extremely important position.Confucianism had a great impact on the.pre-Qin and even today's society,which was inseparable from the Confucian ritual thought.Confucian ritual thought is not unchanged.From Confucius to Mencius to Xunzi later,great changes have taken place in the way of development,the interpretation of rites and the use of rites.The ideological tendency of Confucian representatives of"rites" depends on the value judgment of "rites.Firstly,the article explores the origin of Confucian Confucianism ritual thought in pre-Qin Dynasty,carefully examines the beginning and background of etiquette culture,from the emergence of the word "etiquette" to the formation of Confucian ritual culture,as well as the origin of classical Confucian ritual thought,the development of ritual thought in Xia,Shang and Zhou Dynasties,and clarifies the causes and functions of ritual,and finds out some problems of ritual Basics.On this basis,it focuses on the analysis of the differences in the value evaluation of "ritual""by Confucian representatives.Confucius's "ritual" is to solve the problem of restoring the order of human relations,so "benevolence" is the basis and "ritual of human relations" is respected.Mencius tried to promote benevolent government,advocated restoring human goodness,and emphasized "the ritual of virtue".Xunzi believed that human nature was evil and tended to be "the ritual of law".Then it analyses the commonness of Confucian value evaluation of " ritual"".The first part is mainly from the basic composition of Confucian ritual thought,such as the doctrine of the mean,and introspection to see the essence of ritual cultural thought.The second part is the controversy and conflict between the pre-Qin ritual culture and other important schools of thought.From the comparison with other ideological systems,we can see the common points of the Confucian attitude towards"ritual".Finally,we can see the practical significance and limitations of Confucian values from the concrete application of Confucian ritual thought.The first aspect is the social and political value of "ritual".This aspect mainly discusses the influence of Confucian ritual culture on governing the country and selecting talents.The second aspect is the role of Confucian ritual in education.This aspect explores the influence of Confucian ritual culture on the cultivation of people in national society.The third aspect is the patriarchal value of family ethics.On the one hand,it mainly explores how Confucian ritual culture regulates the ethical relationship between family members and its influence on family hierarchy.The fourth aspect is about social statute and legal system.It is about how the ritual thought can play the role of law in the agreement of social rules.The fifth aspect discusses the limitations of the Confucian ritual thought,so as to better develop Confucian ritual the thought.Generally,Confucianism's theory of"ritual" is different in the pre-Qin period,but Confucius,Mencius and Xunzi all highly appraise the function and significance of"ritual".And try to apply it to social practice.