During The Daoguang Period, Turpan's Ilaric Was Expropriated For Farming, Water Conservancy And Land Taxation

After the twenty-fourth year of Emperor Qianlong(1759),the Qing government has adopted different management methods in northern and southern Xinjiang.The agricultural development organized by the government mainly focuses on the Yili and Urumqi in the northern Xinjiang,while the southern Xinjiang agriculture inhabited by the Uighurs is more developed by the locals.During the Jiaqing and Daoguang period,the central government discussed the adjustment of Xinjiang's management policies and considered whether to implement the agricultural development in southern Xinjiang.the issue of the reclamation of Ilanliq west of Turpan was involved.On the basis of reorganizing the traditional historical materials,This paper searches the archives and explores the tortuous process of the adjustment and implementation of the policy of Ilanliq,so as to understand the changes in the management policy of the entire southern Xinjiang during the Daoguang period.The first chapter analyzes the discussion of the policy adjustment of the rule of southern Xinjiang by the central and local officials during the Jiaqing and Daoguang period.The Qing government used the two places as a preliminary attempt to adjust the policy of southern Xinjiang.Due to the influence of the existing ethnic policy,the attitude of the Qing government in the process of reclaiming the two places has changed repeatedly,resulting in limited practical results.This influence is also reflected in the subsequent incidents of "reconstruction of troops and agricultural reclamation".The second chapter combs and analyzes the local officials who applied for the opening of the Ilanliq process and specific suggestions three times during the Daoguang period.In the core content of the discussions between the central and local officials,the main consideration is whether it affects the livelihood of the Mongols.Based on the successful experience of Yili agricultural reclamation,the central decision-makers finally agreed to carry out agricultural shackles in Ilanliq to supplement local financial resources and ease population pressure.The third chapter sorts out a large number of archives historical materials,and conducts detailed analysis and research on the organization process,main characters and engineering features of the Ilanliq water conservancy project.First,the organization process of the Ilanliq water diversion channel was restored,and the main characters were Urumqi Dutong Wei Qin and its subordinates Huang Mian,rather than Lin Zexu.Second,compared with other local water conservancy projects in Xinjiang,the fund raising method can be funded by the children of the incumbent officials,and the source of funds can be expanded.Third,it was discovered that Lin Zexu promoted the Kariz,and the local officials of Turpan had paid enough attention and had already started construction,correcting some of the understandings of the predecessors.Finally,it was found that the anti-leakage effect in the diversion channel is not consistent with the records in the traditional literature.The fourth chapter on the basis of combing the historical materials,First of all,the maintenance methods of the Ilanliq water conservancy project and the management of the embarrassing affairs are clarified.In addition,it was found that the diversion channel was destroyed by the flash floods,which caused the effect of agricultural reclamation to be greatly discounted.This led to discussions between the central and local governments on whether to fully levy the land grant problem,and also drawn out the details of the case of Turpan's Tongzhi Pusabao.Finally,it distinguishes the relationship and differences of two Turpan's field tax.In the current research,Scholars' research on the Qing Dynasty Xinjiang Reclamation,including Turfan Reclamation,has been explored in various aspects from different aspects,and has had a focus on the transformation of national policies in the Daoguang period,and has achieved considerable results.However,the study of Ilanliq is not in-depth,and related issues are still open to question.As a case study,this paper takes the agricultural reclamation of Turpan Ilanliq in the Daoguang period,using the archives of the First Historical Archives of China,the"National" Palace Museum in Taipei,and the Xinjiang Local History,Travel Notes,Letters,etc.Through the analysis of the agricultural development process in Turpan,Supplementing Xinjiang's national policy in the Qing Dynasty.It found that the financing method of its development was innovative,revealing the social background and number of the promotion of Kariz,and found that the agricultural reclamation in the area did not achieve the expected results,and to discuss the relationship and differences of two Turpan's field tax.