Research On Wang Chuanshan's Theory Of Virtue

Wang Chuanshan is the peak of the development of ancient Chinese philosophy,and his thought contains rich moral thought.This paper attempts to sort out Chuanshan’s virtue ethics thought from the aspects of the basis of heart and nature,virtue types and kungfu cultivation,and reveals the theoretical characteristics of Chuanshan’s virtue thought.Chuanshan’s theory of virtue is based on his dynamic theory of mind and nature,and aims at political virtue.Chuanshan’s theory of virtue is based on his dynamic theory of heart and nature,and aims at political virtue.Therefore,he paid special attention to Chengde’s theory of Kungfu and the correction of the realm of Kungfu effect.Kungfu theory is the key to solidify Tao into virtue,and the realm of efficacy is to avoid going astray and losing the function of statecraft.Therefore,he paid special attention to Chengde’s theory of Gongfu and the correction of the realm of Gongfu effect.Gongfu theory is the key to congealing Tao and achieving virtue,and the realm of efficacy is to avoid going astray and losing the function of statecraft.The first chapter mainly introduces Chuanshan’s virtue theory is based on the theory of heart and nature,which is quite different from the western virtue theory,and also from the virtue theory of other Confucian scholars.His theory of heart and nature is characterized by the alternation of heart and nature,which makes him different from the Neo-Confucianism of Song and Ming Dynasties in seeking fixed virtue(renaturation),and opens up incessant virtue;It is also the basis for distinguishing the types of virtue and establishing the system of virtue cultivation.The second chapter expounds the classification of Chuanshan’s virtue and its prominent points.Chuanshan’s virtue types are mainly distinguished from two aspects of source and function.Divided from the origin of virtue,that is,heaven’s virtue,the virtue of nature,the virtue of learning and the virtue of practice;From the function of virtue,there are character virtue,human virtue,political virtue and comprehensive virtue.On the origin of virtue,Chuanshan emphasized the origin and acquisition of virtue,thus he highlighted the virtue of nature as the basic virtue ability,and emphasized the initiative and autonomy of virtue acquisition;On the function of virtue,he emphasized the function of virtue in governing the world,thus highlighting the political virtue,and took it as the classic interpretation of the construction of virtue theory.In the political virtue,he did not talk about political virtue in general,but put it into the main body of political practice,and turned it into monarch virtue and subject virtue.In the political world,although the monarch is the highest power,the actual operator of politics is the minister,so he pays more attention to the minister’s morality.The third chapter discusses the problem of Chuanshan’s virtue cultivation and efficacy.Chuanshan believes that the main body of making virtue is the gentleman,because the sage is the person who has achieved virtue,he mainly cultivates the way,the gentleman needs to follow the sage’s way and cultivate his own virtue.Then it is very important to recognize the way of the sage,and it is difficult to become virtuous if you misunderstand the way and hold it,and even go astray into heresy.Therefore,he pointed out the content of Tao with academic achievements and revealed that etiquette was the basis of practice.In the process of solidifying Tao into virtue,faith and atsushi are extremely important but easy to be ignored,so Chuanshan makes an in-depth analysis of faith and clarifies the secret of kungfu.The objects of faith are the heavenly virtues of benevolence,righteousness,propriety and wisdom(reason of nature)and the principles of things(reason of things);the objects of faith are the existence of reason in the mind and its occurrence in words and deeds;the existence of reason in the mind and its insight into things are the aims of faith;the works of faith are storage of reason,examination and containment of desire;and these three things come before storage of reason when one learns to speak;examination is a matter for adding caution to his work;containment of desire is a supplementary.In virtue,introspection and suppression of desire are the first,and the reason and heart are the last.And in the process of practice,static existence,dynamic inspection,communication and cultivation,without any sequence,in the static existence of reason,in the dynamic observation of intention,in its evil system to curb the desire of the work,its work has no thickness,help each other to grow,and reach the purity of heaven.The state of virtue,not only in the inside can be seen its reality,but also in the outside can be seen its image.In the inner,they are to be loyal and faithful to the virture of heavan and keep the outline of the things not disorder;in the outside,they are to be wordless and do what is in accord with the principle of humanity naturally,they looks frightend but breave and firm,their dresses and behavivors are grand and are in harmony with etiquette.