| From the contention of drums in the Warring States Period to today’s prosperous and prosperous age,chivalry has been deeply imprinted in our cultural tradition and national character as an indispensable important cultural symbol in Chinese culture for thousands of years.The research on chivalry literature has never been interrupted.The research mainly focuses on the peak period of chivalrous poetry in the Tang Dynasty and chivalrous novels in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,while there is much less research on chivalrous literature in the Song Dynasty between them.The distribution of chivalrous literary texts in the Song Dynasty is very similar to that of folk literatures,which are scattered in various texts and are relatively trivial.Therefore,this thesis follows the predecessors and uses the thematic research methods to divide the chivalrous literary topics of the Song Dynasty into three main categories: "role types" "motivation" and "event",and selects the most representative note novels with good quality and largest proportion in the Song Dynasty,the note novels,as the main research scope.By this way,I began the research of the Song Dynasty chivalry literature.The volume of note-writing novels in the Song Dynasty is numerous and varied,but relatively few ones related with the topic of chivalrous literature.And the contents which can form a complete narrate are mainly concentrated in Tai Ping Guang Ji,Qing Suo Gao Yi,Jianghuai Yiren Lu,Yi Jian Zhi and other works.Most of these works have no clear author and are short in length,and the plot is basically simple.From the perspective of artistic value,it may be difficult to compare with the two peaks of the chivalrous poems of the previous generation and the novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties of the posterity,but they truly reflect the profound changes that chivalrous literature took place in such an era of highly prosperous culture in the Song Dynasty,so it is also necessary to supplement and enrich the research of chivalrous literature in the Song Dynasty.This thesis starts with the theme of "characters",and explores explores the main identities of "Xia" in chivalrous literature in the Song Dynasty with the classification methods:the craftsmen active in the streets are included in the category of chivalrous due to their superb skills;The unscrupulous gangsters in the Jianghu(Jiang-hu,literally rivers and lakes,which refers to the environment where the martial artists live)bear the chivalrous name by the bloody legends of raiding homes and plunderinghouses;the worldly elites running in the human world are cited as chivalrous men by their noble personality and the act of saving the country and the people.The theme of "motivation" focuses on the motivations of the guide words and deeds,behind which reflects the Song Dynasty’s measure of "chivalry" : For those who raise the sword and challenge rules with martial arts,pursue sharpening martial arts and breaking the rules of the world,they can be named as a chivalrous person;Those who keep his words and live up to the promises he has made with his life can be called a chivalrous person;For those who help the need and take the wellbeing of the people and the whole world as the highest creed,he can be said to be the master of chivalry,and he is a chivalrous man in every word and deed.From "emphasis on military affairs" to "emphasis on justice" to "think of the world",the change in the motive of the characters in chivalrous literature also reflects“Xia”s profound changes that took place in the Song Dynasty as a cultural symbol.Under the guidance of different behavioral motives,different types of characters form a plot unit.These plot units also show different with different degrees,and then form many "event-like" themes: "Road Seeing Unevenness" narrative mode,which shows its high in short text or narrative fragments Applicability;"Repay the kindness and the Revenge" narrative mode which shines in the long-story narrative;"Forgive the enemy" narrative mode which was not used frequently at the time,but showed its restraint on both narrative skills and chivalry Spiritual expression of restraint on these two levels and opened up a new path for the later development of chivalrous literature. |
