The Semantic Study Of Space Dimension Words In Modern Chinese

Spatial vocabulary has always been the focus of Chinese scholars,but the related research mainly focuses on directional words and locative words,and the research results of spatial dimension words are relatively few.The basic meaning and metaphorical meaning of spatial dimension words are interrelated.In this paper,seven pairs of basic spatial dimension words in modern Chinese are taken as the research object,guided by cognitive linguistics theory,and based on corpus,spatial dimension words are studied involving basic meaning,combination object,metaphor meaning and other aspects,ranging from the formation motivation to evolution process of spatial dimension words' implicit meanings.The research of this paper conforms to the needs of the situation of spatial dimension words,provides a new research perspective for the semantic research of modern Chinese spatial dimension words,enriches the semantic theory of modern Chinese vocabulary,and also provides a foundation for Chinese information processing.First of all,the basic meaning analysis of spatial dimension words.Through the analysis of semantic features,it describes the basic meanings of seven pairs of spatial dimension words: "gao / di(ai)"(“?/?(?)),"chang/ duan"(“?/?”),"shen / qian"(“?/?”),"kuan / zhai"(“?/?”),"da / xiao"(“?/?”),"hou / bao"(“?/?”)and "cu / xi"(“?/?”),and distinguishes the spatial dimension words from six aspects which are dimension,direction,spatial quantity of object location,shape of object,size of quantity and markness.Secondly,the analysis of the combination objects linked to spatial dimension words.This paper describes the semantic features of the combination objects of spatial dimension words,reveals the compatibility between them and the semantic features of spatial dimension words,and makes a dynamic analysis of spatial dimension words from the aspects of vocabulary,syntax and pragmatics,so as to find out the law of asymmetry of spatial dimension words in terms of vocabulary,syntax and pragmatics,and explains it based on markedness theory.Thirdly,the study of metaphorical meaning of spatial dimension words.Through the theory of spatial image schema,17 spatial image schemas of spatial dimension words are described;51 target domains of metaphorical mapping of spatial dimension words are summed up and different levels are summed up from the perspective of aggregation,among which the levels of human and objects are divided into 6 and 4 layers respectively;the mutual selection characteristics of source domain and target domain in metaphorical mapping of spatial dimension words are analyzed,and the metaphorical mapping is discussed Imbalance,found the law of choice and collocation between the two.Finally,the paper studies the formation and evolution of metaphorical meaning of spatial dimension words,and grasps the relationship between the basic meaning and metaphorical meaning of spatial dimension words.The metaphorical meaning of spatial dimension words is different in terms of formation time,way of evolution and sentiment hint.Based on the corpus,this paper makes a preliminary analysis and exploration of the basic meaning,combination objects,implicit meaning,semantic evolution motivation and process of seven basic spatial dimension words in modern Chinese,and draws the corresponding conclusions.The semantic analysis of non-basic spatial dimension words and the construction of semantic network of word groups have not been involved yet,which still need further study in the future.