Research On Local Autonomy In Weixian County, Shandong Province In The Late Qing Dynasty And The Early Republic Of China

China's local autonomy in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China was a major political revolution in modern China and occupied an important position in the history of modernization in China.Local autonomy in Weixian,Shandong Province in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China was a typical representative of the local autonomy in county regions in modern China.This article takes the local autonomy in Weixian,Shandong Province in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China as the research object,comprehensively discusses and analyzes the local autonomy in Weixian,Shandong Province in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China.This article is divided into three parts.The first part is about the background of the implementation of the local autonomy in Weixian,Shandong Province in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China.First of all,from the macro background,the local autonomy of Weixian,Shandong Province in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China was carried out in the modern Chinese local autonomy movement.The ruling crisis of the Qing government,the rise of localism and the formation and development of the concept of local autonomy in China jointly promoted the rise of the local autonomy movement in modern China.Secondly,the implementation of the local autonomy in Weixian,Shandong Province in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China was unique and regional in its background.The rapid and effective implementation of the local autonomy in Weixian,Shandong Province in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China depended on the local background,including the development of the emerging commodity economy and the growth of the gentry-merchant class in Weixian since the late Qing Dynasty,as well as the promotion of local autonomy by the enlightened people in Weixian and the opening of the atmosphere in Weixian.The second part is the process of the implementation of the local autonomy in Weixian,Shandong province in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China.The process of the implementation of the local autonomy in Weixian,Shandong Province in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China was divided into two distinct historical periods of the late QingDynasty and the early Republic of China with the Revolution of 1911 as the boundary.In the late Qing dynasty,Weixian organized the superior autonomy and subordinate autonomy in accordance with the local autonomy laws promulgated by the Qing government.Before the Revolution of 1911,Weixian basically completed the local autonomy of the city district and local autonomy of the county.The local autonomy in Weixian began to sprout in this period.In the early Republic of China,Weixian undertook different local autonomy activities according to different local autonomy laws in the period of the Beiyang government and early of the Nanjing National Government.During the wars,local autonomy was organized by the people of Weixian also.The local autonomy in Weixian developed tortuously in this period.The third part is the analysis of the local autonomy in Weixian,Shandong Province in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China.On the one hand,the implementation of the local autonomy in Weixian,Shandong Province in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China had a positive influence on the development of the society of modern Weixian,which promoted the process of local democratization and the development of the local public utilities.On the other hand,due to the social and historical conditions,the local autonomy in Weixian,Shandong Province in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China also had limitations and deficiencies that the gentry-merchants gained more rights than the people,the official governance was more powerful than the autonomy,the people's burden increased and the social conflicts were intensified.