Research On Tibet's Diba System In Qing Dynasty

In the 30s of 17th century,Khoshut,one of the four Oyirad Mongol tribes was facing the threat of Dzungar's rise.At the same time,the new rising Gelug sect was being suppressed by Kagyu sect.Based on the historical experiences,the hierarchy of Gelug sect started to form connections with Gushi Khan,the leader of Khoshut,and invited him to station troops in Tibet and defeat the vigorous opponent.Gushi Khan marched south to Tibet from his original stronghold?With the strong military forces,he conquered the most part of the plateau.As an aftermath of his conquest,a unique regime had been established-Its political powered was shared by both Mongolian and Tibetan hierarchy underneath an alms giver-receiver relationship.To enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of the newborn coalition government,Gushi Khan established Sde Pa system,which could only be authorized by Mongolian Khans.Sde Pa system existed for 78 years during the historical periods ruled successively by Khoshut and Dzungar.As a political system emerged from the game of two political groups,it had undergone a winding course of development.Based on the available Tibetan and Chinese archives,existing monographs and research papers,this paper aims to research on the Sde Pa system of Tibet during Qing Dynasty.This paper contains five parts.The first part is the introduction,in which I articulated the purpose and significance of my research choice.I also categorized the existing academic achievements regarding the topic.At the same time I explained the research methods I use and potential problems I might encounter.The first chapter is Historical Overview of Sde Pa system.The first section of this chapter gives a clear explanation of word "Sde Pa" and discriminates between "Sde Pa" and "Sde Srid".The Sde Srid system of Yuan and Ming dynasties is also briefly mentioned.The second section talks about the historical and political backgrounds of Sde Pa system's establishment.The second chapter is the core part of this paper.The first section of this chapter is about the four development stages that Sde Pa system went through-Formation stage,development stage,completion stage,and decline stage.The second section of this chapter summarizes the uniqueness of Sde Pa system.Chapter three uses four sections to introduce and highlight the achievements of eight Sde Pas who came to power successively.The last chapter is Decline of Sde Pa System and Its Historical Influences.With two sections,this chapter analyzes both positive and negative influences on the historical development of Tibet.The last part of this paper concludes the rising and declining process of this official system of Tibet in Qing Dynasty.