Research On The Implementation Dilemma And Countermeasures Of "Shanghai Regulations On Smoking Control In Public Places"

The problem of tobacco is one of the most serious public health problems in the world today.Smoking has become a major threat to causing the physical and mental problems of human beings.The rate of smoking in China is always so high,and more people are exposed to second-hand smoke in public places.Base on our now experience,the most efficient way to reduce the harm of smoking is making and carrying out the laws of no smoking in public.The Smoking Control Regulations in Public Places in Shanghai(short for?Regulation below)has been put into effect on March 1st 2010 to reduce the passive smoking in public places.According to the Regulation,there are many kinds of department combined together to control smoking legally.But analyzing the current status of smoking prohibition in public places of Shanghai,we find that execution of smoking prohibition in public places is low,effect of banning smoking in public places is poor.This paper will analysis the present implement situation by using the theory pattern of policy implementation and policy evaluation,then find the way to promote the implementation of Regulations.This paper was divided into five parts.First,the paper describes the background,propose,method of the research and the present situations of the research at home and abroad.Second,it introduces the theoretical framework about implementation effect and constraints for Regulations using model of policy implementation,Smith Policy-Implementation-Processing pattern and theory of public governance as a theoretical foundation.Third,it describes the status of Regulations implementation.It analyses the present implementation effects and the existing problems by using large amounts of data.Fourth,it reveals the constraints of the Regulation implementation which come from the public,public places managers,law enforcement agencies and tobacco industries on the base of analysis of existing problems.Last,it proposes the solution for advancing the Regulation implementation.We hope to create a control smoking atmosphere to establish a long-term mechanism for control smoking.This paper summarizes and analyses the implementation modes and current situation of tobacco control policies at home and abroad,which will play a driving role in the tobacco control work in Shanghai and even in the development of tobacco control in various cities throughout the country.Through this study,it is shown that the joint implementation of policies by various departments,supplemented by public participation,can give full play to the role of social supervision.In the mode of punishment,besides supervising individuals and place managers,it is also important to supervise and punish law enforcement officers' dereliction of duty.Punishment is a supplementary measure to ensure the effective implementation of the Regulations.The most important thing is to enhance the awareness of smoking control among the people.Therefore,what kind of punishment mode should be adopted depends on the situation of each city.To achieve the effective implementation of the Regulations,we should also create a supportive environment conducive to tobacco control.For example,to provide smokers with help to quit smoking,warning of the harm of tobacco,etc.Through media dissemination,the whole society will support it,strengthen supervision and law enforcement through the construction of law enforcement team,and promote the perfection of tobacco control laws through policy advocacy.The study found that,based on Smith's policy implementation model,if through legislation,taxation,law enforcement,publicity and education,smoking cessation services and other means,although it can not achieve a complete state of non-smoking,but will be able to significantly reduce the number of smokers,the number of smokers to maintain a low level.This paper provides a reference and basis for further promoting tobacco control work in Shanghai,as well as for other cities and regions to better carry out tobacco control law enforcement work,and to enhance the effectiveness of tobacco control law enforcement by government departments.