Research On The Economic Sanctions Imposed By The United States And Europe On Russia After The Ukraine Crisis

After the Ukraine crisis happened in late 2013,the United States and the European Union imposed rounds of economic sanctions on Russia.This subject will contribute to studying the purpose of the economic sanctions performed against Russia.The influences of economic sanctions on Russia as well as the interaction between economic sanctions and state relations are also explored in an in-depth way through this research.This paper reviews the background and reasons of the economic sanctions against Russia;summarizes different stages of the sanctions with their process and characteristics;analyzes the impact of the economic sanctions hitting on Russia as well as Russia's countermeasures.This paper discusses the effect of economic sanctions on the relations of great powers.On this basis,this paper argues that the United States and Europe intend to exert pressure on Russia through economic sanctions in order to achieve their different political purposes.The United States utilizes economic sanctions to curb "the rise of Russia" so that its status as the only superpower can be maintained,while European economic sanctions are aimed at defending their own security interests and trying to take advantages on negotiating with Russia to solve the Ukraine crisis.This paper divides the economic sanctions imposed by the United States and Europe against Russia into four stages since the crisis in Ukraine.The first stage is"warning sanctions",the second stage is "warning to substantive sanctions",the third stage is "ease sanctions".The fourth stage of sanctions is "continuing severe sanctions" Economic sanctions in the United States and Europe have had a serious negative impact on Russian domestic economy,politics and diplomacy,but Russia has not compromised easily and has been actively seeking countermeasures in adversity.As far as the effectiveness of economic sanctions is concerned,American have failed to transfer the economic sanctions into political pressure,on the other hand the European do have achieved some of their intended goals.However,the EU itself had also face a "rebound effect" from economic sanctions.Not only the Economic sanctions made the U.S.-Russia relations,Europe-Russia relations retrogressive,but also it challenged the consistence of United States-Europe alliance.Now,the mutual constraints between the United States,Europe,and Russia are still continuing.This article believes that economic sanctions will gradually replace military war as a new mode of game between the great powers,and the sanctions and anti-sanctions games between the United States,Europe and Russia will continue for a long time.In the process,Russia will not compromise with the West and will have a long-standing balance with the United States and the European Union.