On The Change From The "world View" To The "national State View" In The Political Thoughts In The Late Qing Dynasty

The concept,”Tianxiaguan”,is a unique political concept for the traditional Chinese people to understand the world.It is believed that the Chinese civilization is the center of the world and has formed a "center-fringe" system with neighboring countries and regions.The concept of nation state originates from Europe and is the product of the rise of modern capitalism.The nation-state view holds that the basic roles of the nation and politics overlap,and the nation-state is established according to the principle of nationalism.With the expansion of the capitalist world,the modern nation-state born out of the bourgeois revolution has become the basic unit in the international system.By the middle and late 19 th century in the late Qing dynasty,China's social nature and political culture had undergone profound changes under the impact of the capitalist world system.The traditional view of the world can no longer adapt to the new international system.In this case,the intellectuals in the late Qing dynasty designed an ideological plan for the establishment of a modern nation-state in order to save the nation and save the nation,and nationalism gradually stepped onto the historical stage of China.By sorting out the origin and development of the concept of the world,and analyzing the challenges faced by the concept of the world in the late Qing dynasty,this paper can find out the reasons for the decline of the concept of the world.Then through the introduction of nationalism and the nation state,introducing the thought circle's elucidation of nationalism,understanding the intellectuals how to shape the national concept and the construction of the nation state.Finally,by analyzing the process of China's transformation from the traditional concept of the world to the concept of the nation state,this paper explores the historical significance of this ideological transformation and the inspiration in political thought.