Research On The Problems And Countermeasures In The Cultivation Of The Ability Of Reasoning In The Mathematics Teaching Of The Upper Grades Of Primary Schools

Since the middle of the 20 th century,the knowledge economy has become the dominant economic form in the economic system of each country.The biggest difference between the knowledge economy and the industrial economy and the agricultural economy is that the demand for innovative talents is more urgent.The improvement of the ability of reasoning reasoning contributes to the creation of innovation and creation.Therefore,the ability to cultivate children’s reasonable reasoning from childhood has become an inevitable requirement for the cultivation of innovative talents in the knowledge economy era.Based on this,the Compulsory Education Mathematics Curriculum Standards(2011 Edition)incorporates the cultivation of sensible reasoning ability into the primary school mathematics curriculum goal.However,in the actual primary school mathematics classroom teaching process,the status quo of students’ sensible reasoning ability is not optimistic,which makes the existing problems of re-examining and reflecting the ability of reasoning reasoning to be particularly important.The main contents of this study include four chapters:The first chapter is a theoretical overview of the ability of primary school students to reason.The ability of reasoning reasoning is based on the existing mathematical knowledge,based on experience and intuition,through incomplete inductive reasoning and analogy reasoning,can guess the mathematical conclusions of the mathematical conclusions and experience the conclusions.Mathematical observation ability,inductive analogy ability and mathematical conjecture ability are important components of the ability of reasoning reasoning.Mathematical knowledge base,cognitive style and creative personality are important factors influencing the development of sensible reasoning ability.The second chapter is the basic link and main content of cultivating the ability of reasoning in mathematics teaching in the upper primary school.The general link in the cultivation of sensible reasoning ability is "creating situation,guiding observation"-"using problems,sorting out experience"-"analog induction,guessing verification" and so on.Based on the cognitive level and thinking ability of primary schools,the suitable mathematics teaching materials for primary school mathematics textbooks are mainly those that students can’t grasp through strict logical reasoning.The third chapter is about the problems and causes of the cultivation of the reasoning ability in the mathematics teaching in the upper primary school.This chapter mainly uses the "classroom observation + in-depth interview" approach to conduct research,non-participatory observations on 2 subjects in the fourth grade,5 subjects in the 5th grade,and 2 subjects in the6 th grade;then,according to the "whole-partial-details" The idea of arranging and analyzingclassroom teaching examples to explore existing problems and their causes.The study found that there are serious deficiencies in the use of sensible reasoning ability training resources,classroom teaching design and classroom training links;teachers have misunderstandings about the ability to reason reasoning,and the study of teaching materials is superficial and their own reasoning ability Insufficient innovation capabilities,long-term breaks in teaching activities and ethical reasoning,and the constraints of class and class assignments are the main causes of these problems.The fourth chapter is the improvement strategy of the cultivation of reasonable reasoning ability in the mathematics teaching of the upper primary school.The research is mainly carried out from two aspects: teachers and schools.Teachers should deeply understand the cultivation concept of sensible reasoning ability,clarify the relative unity of conjecture and verification,intuitive thinking and logical thinking,personal reflection and cooperative learning;should thoroughly analyze the curriculum and teaching materials,based on the structure of reasonable reasoning ability Positioning the content of teaching materials;should focus on the existing problems of cultivating reasoning ability,and closely follow the multi-dimensional foothold to refine the classroom teaching strategy of reasoning reasoning;schools should strongly support the improvement of the ability of pre-service teachers and in-service teachers to reasoning reasoning,and improve the teaching ability of teachers.platform.