A Study On The Sharing Mechanism Of Compulsory Education Funds For Children With Migrants From The Perspective Of External Effects

As the cost of urban living continues to rise and public service mechanism faces various problems,the opportunities for migrant children in cities to receive compulsory education are affected to some extent.The distribution of educational resources has created urban and rural and regional inequalities.The migrant children are an important group of compulsory education in China.The sharing system of these children expenditures for compulsory education is also an important part of the compulsory education's fiscal system in China.To ensure the expenditures of compulsory education for those children,governments at all levels are duty-bound.Studies have shown that local governments have certain external characteristics for education expenditures,while higher-level governments should effectively encourage or subsidize local governments,so that the central and provincial governments can internalize supply costs and external effects,and local governments can better meet local conditions and the educational needs of residents.However,due to the continuous increase in the number of migrant children,the government at all levels will face enormous financial pressure on the funding security of the group.At the same time,the actual financial investment and expenditure responsibility of compulsory education for these children is more by local governments,which multilevel governments has not achieved good results and manifestations.Through the Externality Theory as the analytical framework,this paper adopts the spatial measurement research method to construct the regression model,and analyzes the external effects of the compulsory education expenditure on migrant children in order that it provide the multilevel government to undertake or share the expenditure on these group.We find that first,the existing literature have had few concerns and researches on the external effects of the migrant children's expenditures,which can provide new theoretical basis and research ideas for solving this problem.Second,regardless of the subject or receiving subject of external effects,the compulsory education expenditures on these children has a certain degree of external characteristics,which affects the insufficient investment of compulsory education forthem and the unreasonable sharing of funds between governments at all levels.The third is the case of Guangdong,which has a large number of migrant children in the China,those inter-provincial inflowing migrant children,have significant external effects,which mainly showing positive externalities.Among them,the external effect of primary school students' education expenditures are higher than the junior high school students one.According to the theoretical and empirical research results,this paper believes that the central and provincial finance need to strengthen their responsibility for the compulsory education expenditures of migrant children,organizing he situation of under-proportion of compulsory education investment is too low,correcting the positive external effect of local fiscal expenditure,and realizing the internalization of external effects.Furthermore,the central and provincial governments also need to improve the local government's obligation by improving the incentive mechanism of educational expenditure.The investment in education is invested in order to ensure the adequacy and fairness of the compulsory education expenditures for the migrant children who move across the province.