| In recent years,with the rapid development of the economic level,the aging of the population and the change of lifestyle,the number of chronic non-communicable diseases-diabetes is increasing rapidly around the world.according to statistics,there are now about 500 million people with diabetes in the world.and the number of diabetes is on the rise,and it is estimated that the number of diabetes in the world will reach 700 million by 2045.China,as a country with a large population,has the largest number of diabetes patients in the world,so finding reasonable and effective treatment measures in this situation should be our common goal.As one of the five carriages for the treatment of diabetes,exercise has been included in the guidelines for the prevention and treatment of diabetes,but there are few examples of research and treatment that combine exercise with health management model.In this study,from the perspective of "healthy China 2030",80 middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were intervened for 12 weeks by using the model of exercise health management in Fengxian District,Shanghai.Their blood glucose,blood lipids,physical function,anxiety and sleep quality were comprehensively evaluated and monitored.Strive to improve the level of glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with diabetes and improve the physical health level of patients with diabetes.Objrctive:To explore the effect of 12-week exercise health management on glucose and lipid metabolism and physical health level of patients with diabetes,and to provide a reasonable and effective exercise management model for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods:Canal,Yuxiu,Beigang,Guhua,Jianghai and other communities in Nanqiao Town,Fengxian District,Shanghai were selected,aged between 45 and 75,without obvious complications.and 80 patients with type 2 diabetes without long-term exercise habits were investigated through the International physical strength questionnaire(short questionnaire),including 34 males and 46 females.They were randomly divided into control group(n = 40)and exercise health management group(n = 40).Exercise health management model was used to exercise patients with type 2 diabetes for 12 weeks,five times a week,one hour each time.Four weeks is a small cycle,by monitoring blood glucose and blood lipids,body function(sitting forward flexion,standing on one foot with eyes closed,selective reaction time,vital capacity,grip strength,back strength,blood pressure,bone mineral density,vascular elasticity,degree of vascular blockage,body fat rate,BMI,muscle weight,metabolic rate),anxiety and sleep quality were evaluated with self-rating anxiety scale and Pittsburgh Sleep quality scale.To evaluate the physique and condition of patients with type 2 diabetes,and to detect and evaluate the above indicators before,during and after exercise,and constantly adjust the exercise health management program.in order to achieve to improve the condition of patients with type 2 diabetes and improve the physical health level of the elderly.Results: 1.Effect of exercise health management on glucose metabolism index and insulin level in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in community: after 12 weeks,there was no significant change in glucose metabolism index and insulin level in control group,but blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)decreased significantly in exercise health management group,but insulin level tended to increase.It shows that 12-week exercise health management can improve the levels of blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.two?.Effect of exercise health management on blood lipid metabolism indexes of middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in community: after 12 weeks,the levels of triglyceride(TG),cholesterol(TC),high density lipoprotein(HDLC)and low density lipoprotein(LDL-C)in the control group had no significant change,but the triglyceride level in the exercise health management group decreased significantly.There was no significant change in other indexes(P > 0.05).It shows that 12 weeks of exercise health management can improve the blood lipid level of patients to a certain extent.3.Effect of exercise health management on physical function of middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in community:(1)after 12 weeks,In the control group,there were no significant changes in body weight,sitting flexion,standing on one foot with eyes closed,selective reaction time,vital capacity,left and right hand grip strength,back strength,waist-to-hip ratio,BMI,body fat rate,muscle weight,energy metabolism,blood pressure,bone mineral density,left and right vascular elasticity and occlusion degree of left and right blood vessels.In the exercise health management group,the sitting flexion and standing on one foot with eyes closed were significantly increased(P < 0.01),and the body weight,vital capacity,left hand strength and right vascular elasticity were significantly increased(P < 0.05).The results showed that 12-week exercise health management could effectively improve the physical function of middleaged and elderly men.(2)after 12 weeks,there were no significant changes in body weight,sitting flexion,standing on one foot with eyes closed,selective reaction time,vital capacity,grip strength of left and right hand,back strength,waist-to-hip ratio,BMI,body fat rate,muscle weight,energy metabolism,blood pressure,bone mineral density,elasticity of left and right blood vessels and the degree of blockage of left and right blood vessels in the control group.In the exercise health management group,the indexes of standing on one foot with eyes closed were significantly increased,and the indexes of body weight,sitting flexion,vital capacity,left and right hand grip strength,back strength,waist-to-hip ratio,BMI and right vascular elasticity were significantly increased(P < 0.05),indicating that 12-week exercise health management played a positive role in the improvement of physical function of female patients with diabetes.4.Effect of exercise health management on anxiety state of middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in community: after 12 weeks,the anxiety value of middleaged and elderly patients with diabetes in the control group did not decrease(P > 0.05).The anxiety value of type 2 diabetes patients in the exercise health management group decreased significantly,and the difference was very significant(P < 0.01).It shows that 12 weeks of exercise health management plays a good role in improving the anxiety status of patients with type 2 diabetes in the community.5.Effect of exercise health management on sleep quality of middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in community: after 12 weeks,the overall sleep quality of patients in the control group was not significantly improved(P > 0.05).The overall sleep quality of patients in the exercise health management group was significantly improved(P < 0.05).It shows that 12 weeks of exercise health management has a good effect on the sleep quality of patients with type 2 diabetes in the community.Conclusions:12-week exercise health management can effectively improve the level of glucose and lipid metabolism in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes,improve their physical health,and improve their anxiety and sleep quality.At the same time,it is proved that this model is a reasonable model for middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to improve the disease. |
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