Research On Product Quality And Export Behavior From The Perspective Of Enterprise Heterogeneity

The rapid development of foreign trade has led to the continuous expansion of export scale.However,when we put the research perspective on the quality of products,we find that the quality of Chinese enterprises' export products is not high,China's foreign trade has benefited from the advantage of export price while neglecting the improvement of product quality.Chinese enterprises' export products are mainly labor-intensive and low value-added products,the labor supply structure is unbalanced,labor costs are rising,and product added value is low.The existence of such problems has further threatened the trade advantage of production factors.Only by increasing technology investment and constantly improving innovation capacity,cultivating new advantages of international competition with quality and technology as the core,and realizing simultaneous development of trade quantity and quality,can we gain a firm foothold in international market competition.This paper first uses the data of the customs database from 2000 to 2006 to calculate the quality of China's export products according to the regression and backtracking method,and then describes and analyzes the characteristics and changing trends of the quality of China's export products at different levels.Then,this paper uses the large sample data after the match between China's industrial enterprise database and China customs database to preliminarily test the mutual influence between product quality and enterprise export behavior,that is,whether the improvement of product quality will promote the increase of enterprise export intensity,and conversely,whether the expansion of enterprise export will improve product quality.Through theoretical research and empirical tests,this paper mainly draws the following conclusions:(1)overall,the average product quality of China's export enterprises showed a trend of continuous decline from 2000 to 2006;From the perspective of industry,the average quality of China's manufacturing industry declined from 2000 to 2006;at the national level,the quality of the overall export products exported to destination countries did not change much,but the average quality level of exports to high-income countries was higher than that of low-income countries.(2)During the sample period of 2000-2006,the number ofChinese enterprises' exports increased gradually,and the intensity of enterprises' exports showed a rising trend of fluctuation.(3)There is a"self-selection effect" between product quality and enterprise exports,that is,the improvement of product quality can promote the improvement of enterprise exports.(4)The impact of product quality on the export intensity of enterprises increases with the increase in the per capita income level of the destination country,the distance from the destination country,and the number of destination countries.(5)The export intensity of enterprises has a significant positive impact on product quality.There is a significant "export learning effect" in both countries.The expansion of export of enterprises is conducive to the upgrading of product quality.Possible innovations in this paper:First,first,it reveals the relationship between product quality and export behavior from the two aspects of whether product quality promotes the export of enterprises and whether the export of enterprises improves product quality.In the field of international trade,most scholars are limited to study the factors affecting product quality or how to improve product quality from the perspective of product quality alone.Few scholars study the relationship between product quality and export behavior of enterprises,especially the influence of export behavior of enterprises on product quality.Based on the heterogeneity of product quality,this paper studies the relationship between product quality and export behavior.In the study of whether product quality can promote exports,this paper not only studies the overall situation,but also conducts a group study according to the high,medium and low quality levels.In the study of whether product quality has an effect on exports,this paper not only studies the overall situation,but also conducts group research according to high,medium and low quality levels.In the study of whether export behavior promotes the improvement of product quality,this paper not only studies the overall situation,but also conducts group research according to the high,medium and low export intensity levels.Second,the product quality is measured by the regression and back-calculation method,and the statistical measurement of product quality is carried out from the enterprise level,industry level and destination country level.In terms of product quality measurement,most scholars choose a simple unit value method.Considering the fact that there are price distortions in China's factor market,this paper chooses to use regression regression method to measure product quality.On the basis of measuring the quality of the products,they are weighted and aggregated to different levels for statistical measurement analysis.At the enterprise level,measurement analysis is carried out according to the type of trade and the type of enterprise ownership.At the industry level,not only the nuclear density curve is used to analyze the average quality of the industry,but also the trend and characteristics of export quality in different industries are described and analyzed.At the target country level,not only the quality of the major export destination countries was analyzed,but also the destination countries were divided according to the income level,and then the quality of the destination countries at different income levels was compared and analyzed.