Study On Wilderness Recreation Opportunity Spectrum In Shangri-La City

At the moment of the increasingly severe global ecological crisis,the value of the wilderness as a resource space has become increasingly prominent,and wilderness protection has become an important issue in the context of the construction of ecological civilization in China.The wilderness research has also shifted from the perspective of environmental ethics to the practice of identifying and protecting the wilderness.The theory of recreational opportunity spectrum(ROS)is an effective tool for management of recreational resources.This study combines the theory of recreational opportunity spectrum and introduces it into the management of recreational activities in China.It is not only enrich and improve the theory of recreational opportunities spectrum,but also have practical reference value for the use of wilderness recreation in the case.This study takes Shangri-La City as the research area,using spatial analysis,questionnaire survey,participatory observation and interview.Firstly,starting from the recognition of wilderness space,based on the concept of the wilderness continuum,four representative indicators such as population density,remoteness from settlements,remoteness from access,biophysical naturalness were selected to reflect the human disturbance intensity and ecological characteristics of wilderness.Gather the corresponding data to establish geospatial datasets for calculation and analysis,and using Multi-Criteria Evaluation(MCE)to add the weighted value weights of each corresponding index calculation result to superposition analysis,thereby obtaining the Shangri-La City Wilderness Quality Index(WQI)map,and then identify four different quality level wilderness,further analysis of conservation status in wilderness areas.Secondly,starting with the recreation environment and recreational activities,through field research,participatory observation and interview,the needs and motives of outdoor activities are collected,and the types of wilderness recreation environment are preliminarily determined,and the types of recreational activities and the outdoor environment of the recreational people are analyzed.Then the data was collected through questionnaire survey method,and the importance and preference of environmental factors were analyzed by multivariate statistical methods.It was verified by factor analysis,reliability analysis and descriptive analysis that recreational opportunistic spectrum theory had suitability in the study area and identified facilities included.The seven environmental factors that influence recreation experience,such as supply,interpretation services,nature level,isolation level,development level,acceptable pollution level,and accessibility,are used as the main indicators for the classification of recreational opportunity environment.Finally,four types of recreational environments were identified based on the map of wilderness in Shangri-La City,namely,the original,forbidden use areas,semi-primary,restricted use areas,semi-primary,general use areas,and transitional areas,and the natural level and artificiality reflected by the corresponding type of recreational environment.The intensity of development is inversely proportional to these conclusions.These conclusions provide some reference for the development of wilderness recreation resource management decisions.