The Impact Of OFDI Reverse Technology Spillover On The Global Value Chain Of China’s Manufacturing Industry

Under the new international division of labor formed by the global value chain,the fragmentation and fragmentation of production have become the main characteristics of the division of labor.The proportion of exports of finished products in international trade has gradually declined.The production of a product often needs the cooperation of many countries to complete,thus forming the global value chain of product production.The theory of global value chain holds that the higher a country’s position in the global value chain,the higher its added value,the stronger its ability to dominate and control the global value chain,and the more national interests it can obtain.Initially,China relied on the foreign industrial transfer of developed countries and the rich and cheap labor force embedded in the global value chain,mainly responsible for low-value-added links such as processing and assembly in the middle and lower reaches of the global value chain.However,with the deepening of global value chain cooperation,China’s participation in the global value chain in terms of low-cost labor force has been advantageous.The gradual disappearance and the strategic needs of the country’s transformation from a big trading country to a powerful trading country,the promotion of China’s technological level and the improvement of China’s position in the global value chain,make up for the negative impact of the lack of labor advantages on China’s participation in the global value chain,and even reverse the value chain that China is now dependent on the developed countries to lead.It is of great significance to enhance the competitiveness of our industry and actively grasp the initiative of international competition.An important way to enhance China’s position in the global value chain is foreign direct investment.Foreign direct investment is the product of the continuous development of the global value chain.At the same time,it further deepens the global value chain.The process of foreign direct investment is the process of embedding domestic production links into the production of the global value chain.The motive of China’s first embedding into the two production links of global value is opening to the outside world,introducing foreign capital,taking the initiative to undertake the relevant production links transferred from developed countries to China,passively embedding into the production links of global value chain,but with the increase of labor cost and the need of industrial structure upgrading in China,at this stage It is impossible to improve China’s position in the global value chain only by attracting foreign investment.Therefore,foreign direct investment is a very important way for China’s industries to be embedded in the production of the higher-ranking global value chain.The emphasis of China’s foreign policy also shifted from "Introduction" to "going out".The strategy of "one belt and one road" put forward by general secretary Xi Jinping is also an important policy guideline to encourage foreign direct investment.In such an era of rapid development of science and technology,science and technology is the first productive force,so through technology seeking foreign direct investment,absorb foreign advanced technology,constantly improve their competitiveness,improve the status of industry in the global value chain.In the existing research,the research on the reverse technology spillover effect of FDI and the status of global value chain has been very rich,but the research on the relationship between them is still relatively small,so this paper mainly carries out the relevant mechanism analysis and empirical analysis of the relationship between them.This paper chooses manufacturing industry as the industry and manufacturing industry as the industry that participates most in the global value chain.It classifies the manufacturing industry into different sectors and studies the relationship between the two in the specific manufacturing industry.Then it distinguishes the industry characteristics and national characteristics,studies the impact of reverse technology spillover effect of OFDI on upgrading the status of the industry global value chain,and draws a conclusion and puts forward targeted recommendations.This paper is mainly divided into six parts,the first part is the introduction,which introduces the background,significance and innovation of this paper;the second part is the theoretical basis and literature review,the theoretical basis of which is mainly to sort out the global value chain and technology spillover effects related theories,literature review is mainly divided into three aspects.The first is the decomposition measure of global value chain,the literature review of global value chain upgrade,the second is the literature review of reverse technology spillover effect of OFDI,the third is the literature review of reverse technology spillover effect of OFDI;the third part is the discussion of the impact of reverse technology spillover effect of OFDI on global value chain status.The fourth part is the description and analysis of the status quo of foreign direct investment and China’s manufacturing industry in the global value chain;the fifth part is the empirical study.First,the reverse technology spillover effect of manufacturing OFDI is measured,and then the manufacturing industry as a whole is distinguished from the manufacturing industry of technological level.The relationship between the manufacturing industry of developed and developing countries is analyzed empirically.The sixth part draws conclusions and puts forward relevant suggestions according to the empirical results.