Analysis And Research On The Impact Of Resource Tax Reform On Local Financial Revenue In Western China

China's resource tax has been levied since 1984,and has undergone several reforms.From 2010 to 2016,the reform of resource tax has been carried out nationwide.The main contents of this reform include:the expansion of the scope of resource tax,the change of tax calculation from quantitative taxation to ad valorem taxation,clearing fees and levying taxes,adjusting fee collection funds,expanding the tax power of local governments,etc.As the most abundant natural resources area in China,the financial revenue and economic development of the western region will be affected by the reform of resource tax.At the same time,the draft of resource tax law has been issued.In this context,this paper aims to analyze the impact of resource tax reform on the financial revenue of the western region.After the resource tax reform,mineral resources such as iron ore and gold mines were included in the ad valorem taxation.Hebei Province was the first pilot province of water resources tax,and then expanded to nine provinces and cities such as Beijing.At the same time,it adjusted the fees of occupancy fees of mining rights,and improved the resource tax and fee system of our country.After the reform of the ad valorem taxation of resources tax,the transmission mechanism between resources tax and price can be formed.The effect of increasing resources tax revenue is obvious.The total amount of resources tax revenue in the western region increased nearly threefold from 15.868 billion yuan in 2010 to 59.082 billion yuan in 2017.From the perspective of provinces and regions,Inner Mongolia,Xinjiang and Shaanxi are three provinces and regions with relatively rich resources,and the total increase of resources tax revenue is the largest.Big.The reform of resource tax provides conditions for the resource tax to become the main tax in the western local tax system.From the perspective of the change of local tax structure after the reform,the reform of resource tax can increase the proportion of resource tax in the local tax system and become an important tax source in nearly half of the twelve provinces and regions in the western region.But for the other half of the provinces and regions,after the reform of resource tax,the resource tax accounts for the local tax.The proportion of resources tax is not suitable to be the main type of tax in the local tax system of the western region,because the proportion of resources tax has remained at a low level.The reform of resource tax will not only have a direct impact on the revenue of resource tax,but also promote the economic development of the western region and the upgrading and optimization of the industrial structure of the western region.The proportion of tertiary industry in the western region has increased year by year,reaching 46.73%in 2017.At the same time,the reform of resource tax will increase the production cost of some enterprises,produce"crowding-out effect",and eliminate some backward ones.Small and medium-sized enterprises are forced to carry out technological innovation to improve productivity,which is conducive to improving the extensive development model in the western region,but it will have a restraining effect on investment.It has a significant restraining effect on upstream industry investment such as resource-related mining industry,and investment in downstream industry such as manufacturing industry has also been affected.After comprehensive resource tax reform and analysis of the influencing factors of local fiscal revenue,this paper makes an empirical analysis of the impact of resource tax reform on local fiscal revenue in the western region by using double difference method and triple difference method.In order to ensure the accuracy of the regression results,the dynamic panel is used to test the stability.It can be found that resource tax reform can produce significant local fiscal revenue in the western region.The positive impact is that the local fiscal revenue in the early stage,the level of regional economic development,the proportion of secondary industry and tertiary industry are positively correlated with the local fiscal revenue.Through further empirical analysis,it is concluded that the reform of resource tax can promote the economic development of the western region,and then increase the local fiscal revenue,while the industrial structure caused by the reform of resource tax can increase the local fiscal revenue.Optimizing and upgrading,that is,the proportion of the secondary industry is reduced and the proportion of the tertiary industry is increased,which has a negative impact on local fiscal revenue and hinders the increase of local fiscal revenue.Through the theoretical and empirical analysis of the impact of resource tax reform on local fiscal revenue in the western region,the following conclusions can be drawn:First,resource tax reform can improve the total amount of resource tax revenue in the western region,directly increase local fiscal revenue in the western region,and resource tax revenue is closely related to the price of resource products;Second,resource tax reform can increase resource tax revenue in the western region.The proportion of the tax system,but at the present stage,the resource tax is not suitable as the main tax of the local tax in the western region;third,the reform of the resource tax can promote the increase of the local fiscal revenue in the western region.In addition to directly and positively promoting the increase of the total revenue of the resource tax,the reform of the resource tax can promote the economic development of the western region and have a positive impact on the local fiscal revenue in the western region.The transformation of extensive production mode,the elimination of some backward enterprises,and the promotion of the optimization and upgrading of industrial institutions in the western region,is not conducive to the increase of investment,and thus inhibits local fiscal revenue.In view of the above conclusions,policy recommendations are put forward,including expanding the scope of taxation,cooperating with the introduction and implementation of the Resource Tax Law;giving the governments of western provinces and autonomous regions more power to manage the resource tax,giving full play to the positive effect of the resource tax;taking the reform of the resource tax as an opportunity to promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure,stimulating the development potential of the tertiary industry;encouraging enterprises to innovate and invest,and reducing the tax burden of enterprises,etc.