Fiscal Decentralization,Land Finance And Income Gap Between Urban And Rural Residents

The imbalance of income distribution between urban and rural residents in China has always existed.The reform and opening up has brought about rapid and prosperous economic development,but at the same time it has gradually widened the income gap between urban and rural residents.The fiscal system reform of the tax-sharing system is essentially the division of financial power and power between the governments.The financial power moves up and the powers move downwards.The local government has a certain income and expenditure gap.The political centralization requires local governments to increase their fiscal revenues and make up the gap.The result is that the scale of land finance is getting bigger and bigger.The degree of fiscal decentralization will affect the expenditure decision of local governments.The difference in investment between urban and rural areas will affect the income distribution between urban and rural areas.Land finance is the most important extra-budgetary income of local governments.Its use.It will also seriously affect the income distribution between urban and rural residents.In the context of the mismatch between local financial power and power,and the rising scale of land finance,the paper analyzes the impact of fiscal decentralization and land finance on the income gap between urban and rural residents.In the theoretical part,the first is to summarize the existing research on the urban-rural income gap,the impact of fiscal decentralization on the urban-rural income gap and the impact ot land finance on the urban-rural income gap.Secondly,China's current fiscal decentralization,land finance and urban and rural residents The current situation of income disparity is analyzed.Finally,the mechanism of internal interaction between the three is analyzed,and relevant assumptions are put forward.In the empirical part,the article selects the provincial panel data of China from 2000 to 2016,taking the income gap between urban and rural residents as the explanatory variable,the fiscal decentralization,the fiscal decentralization squared item and the land finance as the core explanatory variables,and added relevant Control variables were analyzed at the national and sub-regional levels.Whether it is the national level of regression results or the regression analysis at the eastern and western levels,it is significant that there is a "U-shaped" relationship between fiscal decentralization and the income gap between urban and rural residents.Land finance will positively affect the urban-rural income gap.The regression results in the central region are not significant,while the regression results of other control variables are slightly different at the national and regional levels.Based on the results of empirical analysis,combined with the actual situation in China,it puts forward a reasonable definition of the financial power and authority between the central and local governments,the rational control of the scale of land finance and the improvement of the expenditure structure of land dinancial funds,and continuously improve the level of urbanization in the western region.Policy recommendations for increasing the proportion of the tertiary industry and improving China's openness to the outside world.