The Study On The Model Selection And Countermeasures Of Building Free Trade Ports In Shanghai

Over the past 40 years of reform and opening-up,China has indeed achieved a leap-forward development,but from the international perspective,the level of China's opening-up is not fully in line with international economic development.As a special economic functional area with the highest degree of global openness,free trade port can promote economic growth through free trade,investment and transportation.As China's economic and financial center,Shanghai should actively support the national strategy,actively explore the construction of free trade port with Chinese characteristics,and contribute to China's opening up at a higher level.In order to better participate in international trade,Shanghai should take lead in building free trade port to provide experience for other regions in building free trade ports.The construction of China's free trade port is still in the exploratory stage.Therefore,in order to successfully build the free trade port of Shanghai,it is necessary to learn from the advanced experience of other countries and regions,considering the actual situation of Shanghai and the development of relatively mature free trade ports in the world,the paper selects two typical cases of free trade ports in Singapore and Hong Kong,and sorts out the development status and characteristics.From the characteristics of the construction of the free trade port in Singapore and Hong Kong,we can find that the construction of the free trade port is closely related to the geographical location,infrastructure,trade environment,financial market and policy support.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze Shanghai's advantages in these aspects,and then explore the possibility of Shanghai to build free trade port.Based on the expected goals and effects of construction of the free trade port,this paper uses two different indicator systems to measure the free trade index of Shanghai and its major trading partners.According to the comprehensive ranking,it is found that in comparison with Laos,Algeria and Tajikistan.Shanghai has a high degree of free trade;compared with Singapore,Hong Kong,United Arab Emirates,the United States and other major international free trade ports,Shanghai's free trade index is low.Drawing on the trade gravity model,the measured free trade index is included into the gravity model to form the extended trade gravity model.Then,The difference in trade volume between shanghai and its major trading partners before and after the construction of the Free Trade Port of Shanghai,concluded that the higher the level of free trade in Shanghai,the greater the trade value between Shanghai and its major trading partners,indicating that it is necessary for Shanghai to build a free trade port.Summarize the types of development of international free trade ports,mainly including seaports,dry ports,airports,sea and land complex ports,and land and air composite ports;market development models mainly include market-oriented type,free-type,government-type,and hybrid type.According to the actual situation and development status of Shanghai,Shanghai should build a composite port of "airport plus dry port".In the choice of market model,the Free Trade Port of shanghai should adopt government-type in the initial stage,mixed type in growth period and market-oriented type in maturity stage.Shanghai should actively build a comprehensive free trade port,to develop high-end services such as finance,law,investment,emerging strategic industries such as life health,medical care,new materials,and high-tech industries such as artificial intelligence.The construction of the free trade port is to achieve trade,investment facilitation,financial innovation,and the efficiency of government and legal supervision.To speed up the construction of the free trade port of shanghai,this paper proposes targeted recommendations from the above five levels.Realize free trade by perfecting the single window structure and establishing an enterprise credit management system,through building an international investment arbitration center,reducing negative lists to achieve the freedom of investment,gradually promoting the interest rates liberalization,eliminating foreign exchange controls,and establishing offshore RMB onshore centre to achieve finance and capital freedom,research and timely introduce the Free Trade Port Law to perfect the legal system,and improve the efficiency of government supervision.