| For a long period,our country formed the pattern of agricultural production which based on the farmer household contract management through rural reform.However,on the one hand,the current pattern of China's agricultural production is more dispersed,land fragmentation problem is serious,agricultural production mode is relatively extensive and level of industrialization and organization needs to be improved;on the other hand,along with Chinese rural population flow to cities gradually,the problems of aged tendency of population in rural areas are gradually prominent,and lots of cultivated land are neglected.To solve the above problems,breadthwise,encouraging rational land circulation and encouraging farmers to engage in moderate scale operation to change the mode of agricultural production and operation has become the only modern agricultural development path;Vertically,the development of agricultural industry chain can connect weak farmers with market and promote agricultural industrialization process while keeping the household contract management system with Chinese characteristics.The 18 times National People's Congress' report and NO.1 Document also put forward the corresponding requirements of supporting the development of the new type of agricultural management main body and improve the agricultural industry chain.Large-scale farmers which is the backbone of the agricultural industrialization process need to invest in the farm machinery equipment,land circulation,water conservancy technology and so on in the medium and long-term and their money demand is higher,while the financial institutions' agricultural loans cannot satisfied the needs of large-scale farmers.Agricultural industry chain financing conforms agricultural financial demand transformation brought by farmers organization and industrial chain extension(Xichuan Liu,Enjiang Cheng,2013).Therefore,this paper selects 435 large-scale farmers,22 the cooperative president and 44 cooperative which come from different level of economic and financial rural area to investigate their producing and operating state,formal credit demand and satisfied condition,joining the agricultural industrial chain and industrial chain financing conditions,and examine the effect of whether joining industry chain organization,the strength of market power on agricultural industrial chain financing availability.Then drawing the following conclusions:1.The samples' average cultivated area is 209.02 acres.Most of them are willing to participate in the technical training actively to reduce the production and business operation risk.Nearly twenty percent of the samples established the brand of agricultural products.Agricultural equipment penetration rate is higher,68.01%of the samples posses agricultural machinery equipment,and 63.70%of the samples' agricultural machinery equipment worth more than 100,000 yuan.89.17%of the households have the experience of engaging in agricultural production and operation.20.15%of the households have the experience of engaging in non-agricultural business.16.88%of the households,education level are above technical secondary school.In general,agricultural operation and management level is higher,and non-agricultural workers are attracted into agricultural production and operation gradually.However,due to the fragility of agriculture,51.64%of the samples expressed that the income volatility is large.2.Credit demand satisfaction of the samples is higher.202 of 397 effective samples applied for the formal credit,and 182 households get a mortgage or guarantee loans and the remaining 20 households were refused because they cannot provide mortgage or guarantee,etc.87.18%of the 195 households who didn't apply for loan have other financing channels or they are self-sufficient,and the rest of them didn't apply for loan for fear of trouble formalities,low credit ceiling and so on.Guarantee agencies cannot help large-scale farmers to obtain formal credit loans.The loan are mainly used to transfer land,purchase agricultural machinery equipment,etc.,so the financing demanding period is longer and the gap is bigger.The loan amount of 74.18%of the samples who get loan are 100000 to 500,000 yuan,and mainly come from rural commercial bank and village banks.3.114 samples add enterprises lending industry chain and 68 samples add cooperative lending industry chain.The possibility of joining industry chain of farmers who engaged in crop and plant cultivation and traditional agriculture was lower.Farmers who joined industry chain can get more trade credit so that joining industry raise the large-scale farmers' availability of financing.The service which cooperatives provide most are technology and training service,followed by agricultural products selling service and agricultural means of production unified purchase service.50%of the sample cooperatives have trademark and 50%of the sample cooperatives have green certification.72.72%of the members are willing sell agricultural products through cooperative to obtain the stable income.Cooperative itself profit ability is limited,and the reasonable claim of distribution of earnings of large-scale farmers which are the special members of cooperatives cannot be satisfied.72.72%of cooperatives provide financing services to members.4.To examine the effect of whether joining industry chain organization,the strength of market power on agricultural industrial chain financing availability,this paper uses the sample data of 397 large-scale farmers in Jiangsu province and establishes Heckman two-stage model and Tobit model.The empirical result shows that joining industry chain organization mode has positive influence on industry chain financing scale;And this article measures the market power from the perspective of bargaining power and substitution level.The result indicates that the more market power the large-scale farmers have,the more trade credit they can get.Empirical analysis also found that the large-scale farmers' "hard information" which include acreage,fixed assets' present value and income fluctuation"condition have significant effects on external industry chain financing scale,and the "soft information" which include education years,type of operation and trade credit conditions have significant effect on internal industry chain financing scale.In order to improve the large-scale farmers' financial availability,adapt to the agricultural production and operation mode transformation,promote agricultural industrial chain integration,deepen the reform and development of rural finance and rural economy and based on the above research,this paper puts forward the following Suggestions:(1)to develop the green agriculture,characteristic agriculture and brand agriculture;(2)bring out diversified financial products,comply with the demand of farmers financing scale;(3)establish risk compensation mechanism actively,strengthen risk management;(4)promoting large-scale farmers,market power through cooperatives;(5)establish benefit coupling mechanism,supervision mechanism to enhance the cooperative development power;(6)develop agricultural industry chain financing,set up risk management mechanism based on industrial level. |
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