Study On The Development Of Soybean Industry In Heilongjiang Province

Soybean,as one of the important crops in China's social and economic development and agricultural production,is of great significance to human production.It is not only an essential oil crop in human life,but also a source of high-quality protein.Heilongjiang Province is one of the most important soybean producing areas in China.Its soybean planting area is about 1/3of the whole country.The topographic,climatic and geographical conditions of Heilongjiang Province make it have obvious advantages in soybean planting.At present,the soybean industry is declining in Heilongjiang agricultural production,but soybean industry is still a part of the economic source of agricultural population,so how to develop the soybean industry,its development is directly related to the economic development of Heilongjiang Province and the construction of new countryside.Based on the analysis of the present situation of soybean production base in Heilongjiang Province and the present situation and distribution of soybean production,this paper puts forward some suggestions,and pointed out that there are many factors affecting the supply of soybean,including natural factors,policy factors,production factors and planting factors.Although high-quality soybeans in Heilongjiang have approached the world level,they have lost their competitiveness against imported soybeans only because of mixed cropping and lack of standardization,specialization and scale of management.The SWOT analysis of soybean production base reflects the geographical advantages of the main soybean producing areas in Heilongjiang Province.Soybean breeding and cultivation technology is ahead of the whole country,but the low oil content of soybean is directly related to the benefits of enterprises,resulting in the loss of voice power and pricing power of China's soybean industry.However,the state is not turning the base.Soybean protection provided opportunities for Heilongjiang's production base.The development strategy of soybean production base in Heilongjiang Province was put forward.On this basis,the countermeasures and suggestions for the development of soybean industrial base in Heilongjiang province are put forward.The conclusions are as follows:(1)The soybean planting area in Heilongjiang Province decreased from 4215,000 hectares in 2005 to 3691,000 hectares in 2018,accounting for 42.78%,which shows that it still occupies an important position in the whole country.The yield per unit area of soybean increased from 1 775 kg/hm2 in 2005 to 1 786 kg/hm2 in 2018.The potential for exploitation is still great.Soybean production in Heilongjiang Province can be divided into seven productionareas.Among them,the eastern Sanjiang Plain and Songnen Plain are the main soybean producing areas in our province,including Qiqihar,Jiamusi,Hegang,Shuangyashan and other areas.(2)SWOT analysis of soybean production in Heilongjiang Province: Advantages include geographical advantages;typical representatives of high yield mainly come from farming and reclamation in Heilongjiang Province,as well as local scientific research institutes.Disadvantages include high production cost,low yield per unit and poor efficiency of soybean;inadequate rotation,ineffective mechanization and difficulty in science and technology promotion;natural and safe characteristics of non-GM soybean products are not well publicized,and lack of their own marketing methods.Opportunities include taking advantage of the United States' initiative to launch a trade war to turn the threat into an opportunity to significantly raise tariff rates on imported soybeans,while making it clear that as long as non-GM soybeans are imported,they will turn to Argentina,Brazil or Russia to import soybeans of origin.Threats include the lack of pricing power,the lack of market pricing power for soybeans in Heilongjiang Province,the shrinkage of domestic soybean market share,the decline of farmers' willingness to grow soybeans,and the US trade war.(3)The main existing problems of soybean production and development in Heilongjiang Province are as follows: the decrease of planting efficiency and the increase of planting cost;the disorder of soybean varieties and the low level of soybean yield per unit area;the root cause of non-GMO advantages;inadequate policy support;serious pests,and the reduction of soybean yield.The influencing factors of existing problems of soybean production and development in Heilongjiang Province include natural factors,policy factors,behavior of soybean farmers,processing industry,trade and market competitiveness.(4)Proposed countermeasures and suggestions for the development of soybean industry base in Heilongjiang Province: strengthening the policy of supporting soybean industry;protecting soybean industry base in Heilongjiang Province under the environment of international trade liberalization;supporting soybean price and income;and protecting non-GMO soybean industry.