The Research Of The Development Of The Chinese Economic System

In the short 70 years since the founding of New China in 1949,young China has achieved "China miracle" in its economic construction,which has amazed the world.The rapid development of economy can not be separated from the continuous reform and improvement of China's economic system,which can be adapted to the objective conditions at every historical stage.After the founding of New China,we gradually established a planned economic system characterized by the highly centralized allocation of resources by the government.Then we gradually introduced the commodity economy and opened the market.After many explorations and developments,we finally established the socialist market economic system.Especially in the 40 years after the reform and opening-up,the gradual reform of China's economic system has made brilliant achievements.From the initial government-led plan to the gradual opening-up of the market and respect for the law of value,it is proposed to let the market play a decisive role.Through long-term and wide-ranging research and practice in the theoretical circle,the gradual reform of the relationship between the government and the market has finally formed.Socialist market economy system with Chinese characteristics.From a historical point of view,this paper makes a logical analysis of the evolution of the economic system since the founding of New China,explores the different characteristics of the economic system in different historical stages,and tries to provide some theoretical reference for the further reform of the economic system in the future by exploring the development process of China's economic system reform.This paper is mainly divided into three parts.The first part discusses the historical reasons for the establishment of the planned economic system in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic,as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the system.The second part reviews the historical process of economic system exploration and concrete practical measures.The third part elaborates the development process of China's socialist market economic system reform in differentstages of development since the reform and opening up.After the founding of New China,the first economic system in China,the planned economy system,is the object of study.Firstly,the historical reasons for the establishment of the planned economy system in New China are expounded.The establishment of the system is mainly influenced by the following factors: firstly,restricted by the domestic objective economic conditions in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic,the level of domestic productivity is very low due to the long-term war;secondly,the economic blockade and suppression by foreign forces,resulting in severe international competition pressure;thirdly,drawing lessons from the Soviet model,the successful experience of the Soviet Union has made us firmly establish the planned economic system.Secondly,it elaborates the advantages of the planned economy system.Under the operation of the planned economy system,it lays a solid foundation for industrialization,realizes efficient allocation of limited resources in the short term,and develops the national economy at a high speed in the short term.In the last part of this chapter,the author dialectically explores the defects of the planned economy system.Although the planned economy system has made brilliant achievements in stabilizing the country's economic activities and economic development,there are still some problems,such as the difficulty of realizing the balance of supply and demand in society with a single government plan,the waste of social resources when the plan is out of line with the actual demand,and the difficulty of maintaining labor enthusiasm in a system without material incentives.The planned economy restrains the improvement of productivity,makes workers lack motivation and competitive pressure,and can not adapt to the new situation of economic globalization,which leads to the reform of economic system.With the continuous development of the economy,the economic system is constantly changing and developing with the needs of social development.From the rural areas as the starting point of reform,the rural areas are reformed through the implementation of the household contract responsibility system and the reform of the purchase and sale system;and by self-management,the single public ownership economic structure is changed,the industrial structure is adjusted,the diversified business model isdeveloped,and the highly centralized planned economy is changed.In the end,the goal of the reform of socialist market economic system is established by practicing the role of market in resource allocation,adjusting the proportion of plan to market and putting forward that socialism can have market and expanding the role of market mechanism.In the process of economic system development after reform and opening up,the author divides the economic system reform since 1978 into four important periods:initial exploration stage(1978-1983),major development stage(1984-1991),substantial breakthrough stage(1992-2012)and comprehensive deepening stage(2013-present).After 40 years of reform and opening-up,we must make clear how to adjust the relationship between government and market in the allocation of resources.In the primary stage of socialism,we should still take the development of productive forces as the construction center,and construct a modern economic system through deepening the reform of the system,so as to lead the contemporary Chinese economy to a new height.