Study On The Difference Of Urban And Rural Entrepreneurship Level From The Perspective Of Institutional Distance

Farmers' entrepreneurship can not only increase their income,improve their living quality,but also release farmers' productive potential,promote new rural construction,accelerate rural economic development,integrate development in urban and rural,and achieve urban-rural integration.However,across the country,there are huge differences in entrepreneurship levels between urban and rural areas,especially in poor areas.It is generally believed that this is due to differences in entrepreneurial willingness,entrepreneurial ability and entrepreneurial environment,especially in the business environment.With the reform of the commercial system,China has paid more and more attention to the optimization of the business environment.Especially for the “innovative and entrepreneurial theory”,China has come out a series of support policies at the national level.However,there are deficiencies in the implementation of policies and the formulation of policies in line with their own realities in different regions,and the policies need to be constantly improved.Therefore,this paper studied the impact of institutional environmental differences(institutional distance)on urban and rural entrepreneurial differences in the business environment.Based on the results of case-based analysis,(the paper drew a conclusion that)market access,financing environment,policy landing,approval environment,profit environment,human resources environment and entrepreneurial service environment all had a positive impact on the level of entrepreneurship in urban and rural areas,and the conceptual model of the influence of institutional environment on the level of entrepreneurship between urban and rural areas has been constructed.Based on the model,the research hypothesis was designed,a questionnaire survey was conducted on urban and rural entrepreneurs in the west of Hunan Province,and an independent sample T test was conducted on the urban and rural institutional environment with SPSS software to verify whether there are significant differences between urban and rural institutional environment.By comparing the number of new enterprises in urban and rural areas from 2011 to 2017,it was found that there was a significant difference in the level of entrepreneurship between urban and rural areas.And then the regression analyses of institutional environment and entrepreneurial choice have been carried out to find out market access,financing environment,policy landing,approval environment,profit environment,human resources environment and entrepreneurial service environment,seven indexes of institutional environment,which have a positive significant influence on entrepreneurial choice.The results show that market access,financing environment,profit environment,human resource environment and entrepreneurial service environment all have a positive impact on entrepreneurial choice,while policy landing and approval environment have no positive impact on entrepreneurial choice;moreover,there are significant differences in institutional environment between urban and rural areas,and institutional distance affects the level of entrepreneurship between urban and rural areas.Therefore,the paper proposes relevant suggestions for optimizing the rural business environment in the west of Hunan Province from the perspectives of market access,financing environment,profit environment,human resources environment and entrepreneurial service environment,so as to improve the level of rural entrepreneurship.