Study On Community Residents' Perception And Attitude Of The Ecotourism Impacts

With the development and maturity of eco-tourism in foreign countries,the development and construction of eco-tourism have been put forward in many big cities and regions in China.As one of the main interests of tourism development,the sustainable and healthy development of community residents is inseparable from the support of local residents.Community residents' perception of the economic impact,social and cultural impact and environmental impact of tourism largely determines their attitude towards tourism development.Based on the perspective of residents' perception and attitude,a five-point likert scale was used to design a questionnaire to study the perception and attitude of residents in the north slope of Changbai Mountain nature reserve on the impact of ecotourism.This paper first analyzes the difference between the social characteristics of community residents and the perception and attitude of the impact of eco-tourism on community residents.Independent sample T test was used for the analysis of the differences between the gender groups,and one-way anova was used for the other five characteristics(age,income,occupation,education level and residence time).The results show that gender,education background and residence time have no significant difference in the perception of the impact of ecotourism.However,residents' perception of ecotourism has significant differences in age,income and occupation.There was no significant difference in age and residence time of community residents on the impact of eco-tourism in Changbai Mountain.There were significant differences in gender,occupation,education and income.Factor analysis eliminated three indicators,which were X23 most allow outsiders to earn money to go and X28 residents family mode change,loss of intimacy and X24 destroyed the local atmosphere of quiet life,six common factor extracted from the remaining 29 indexes,they are summarized for the social culture and environment positive factor and negative factor,social culture and environment economy positive factor and negative factor,economy and environment positive factor,social culture negative factor six common factor,and further analyzing the characteristic of the residents' perception of the impact of ecotourism.Economic impact,residents generally stronger than the negative impact of ecological tourism economy positive impact perception,height of 92.2% of residents in favour of the eco-tourism development significantly improve the local infrastructure,but more than half of the residents only benefit a few people think of ecological tourism development,and raised the local housing and rising prices,the cost of living is generally improved;Social and cultural impact,residents generally positive impact on the ecotourism society culture awareness is stronger than the negative influence perception,93.3% of residents think raise public awareness of the local ecological tourism development and local image,but 61.6% of residents think that ecological tourism makes local foreign personnel and vehicles increased and cause traffic jams,affect the normal life of the residents;Environmental impact,residents generally positive effects in the ecological tourism environment perception is stronger than the negative influence perception,93.9% of residents think ecological tourism development to improve the local villages and towns look and health conditions,but there are a few 39.1% of residents think surge of ecological tourism development and tourists increased the local environmental pollution,such as air and water pollution is aggravating,increased living garbage,and so on.Taking 29 indicators measuring residents' perception as cluster variables,k-means clustering method is adopted to divide residents with different perception characteristics into five groups: lovers,realists,rational supporters,contradictory haters and haters.The results show that the lovers strongly agree with the perception index of positive factors of economy,social culture and environment,while generally hold conservative opinions on the perception of negative effects of economy.Realists generally agree with the indicators of positive factors of economy,social culture and environment,but have a low opinion of negative factors of social culture and environment and a strong opinion of negative effects of economy.Rational supporters strongly agree with the perception index of positive factors of economy,social culture and environment,second only to lovers,and strongly agree with the perception of negative factors of economy,social culture and environment.The contradictory haters generally agree with the perception index of positive factors of economy,social culture and environment,but hold a low opinion in favor of the perception of negative factors of social culture and environment,and strongly disagree with the perception of negative effects of economy.Haters strongly disagree with the perception indicators of positive factors of economy,social culture and environment,and reserve general opinions on the perception of negative factors of economy,social culture and environment.According to the above research results,this paper puts forward the model and management system of community residents' participation in eco-tourism suitable for the sustainable development of Changbai Mountain.Second,establish a reasonable interest distribution mechanism to reduce the gap between the rich and the poor.Third,we should establish a mutually beneficial and win-win mechanism between distribution centers and towns.Fourth,improve the township traffic management model to ease traffic pressure;Fifth,improve the quality of community residents,encourage residents to actively participate in tourism development;Sixth,pay attention to environmental protection awareness,strengthen environmental monitoring.