Classification Of Land Types And Landscape Patterns In Typical Transect Of Hebei Province

In recent years,under the impetus of ecological civilization,the use of land ecological functions still has the status quo of improper use of land resources,exposing some problems of deterioration of the natural environment,and can not fully reflect the natural background functions contained in the land.However,the study of terrestrial transects can reveal the impact mechanism of regional ecological environment,discover problems from the source of the land,and then comprehensively manage and adjust the regional land resources.The study of terrestrial transects cannot be separated from the analysis of the "essence of things",that is,it is inseparable from the comprehensive study of the characteristics and patterns of land types.In view of this,this paper selects the typical transect of Hebei Province with the ecological environment of Hebei Province as the study area according to the principle of IGBP land sample selection.By determining the land type division system,the land type of the transect is divided and the quantitative characteristics of the land types are analyzed.And the spatial characteristics,then use the landscape ecology and spatial autocorrelation method to study the land landscape pattern of the area,and discover the spatial distribution law and characteristics of the land type,thus revealing the natural distribution characteristics of the typical sample belt in Hebei,which is a typical sample in Hebei.The further research and database establishment of the belt provide basic data,which provides reference value for comprehensive land management and adjustment and utilization.The main findings are as follows:(1)On the basis of selecting the typical transect of Hebei Province,by defining the land type classification system,the typical transect transect of Hebei Province is divided into 12 first-class types and 60 second-level types.The quantitative characteristics and spatial characteristics of typical transect of Hebei Province was analyzed.Among the quantitative characteristics,the primary alluvial plain has the largest area and the subalpine area is the smallest;in the secondary land type,the tidal alluvial plain has the largest area,and the low-wet river has the smallest area;The distribution of land types in typical transects of Hebei Province is the most complex in the northwest.With the decrease of topography and altitude,the distribution of land types to the southeast is simpler.Among the spatial characteristics,the spatial combination forms of the typical transecting land types in Hebei Province mainly include five kinds of spatial combination forms: stepped combination structure,mosaic combination structure,symmetric combination structure,repeated combination structure and dendritic structure;the land type along the elevation gradient In the distribution,the elevation zone with the most land type distribution is 0~200 m.The distribution of each land type in different elevation zones is complex,and different land types have different suitable distribution intervals.In the distribution of gravity center of land type,the distribution of center of gravity of each land type is more Decentralized,indicating that the spatial association of each land type is small.(2)The landscape pattern of the transecting belt was studied by selecting the landscape level and the plaque type level index.The analysis results show that the overall heterogeneity of the study area is larger in the typical transect land type of Hebei Province,but the stability is poor.It is not conducive to the maintenance of land type spatial pattern.At the level of plaque type,the differences between various land types are more obvious and heterogeneity is stronger.Among the first-level land types,alluvial plains are dominant land types,plaque distribution is more concentrated,plaque shape is complex,and structural stability is low.Except for beach land and sub-alpine land,the overall plaque distribution of primary land types is more concentrated.The plaque shape is complex,the plaque structure is unstable,and it is susceptible to the external environment.Among the secondary land types,the tidal alluvial plains are relatively widely distributed,and the plaques have always occupied an absolute dominant position;The shapes are irregular.Except for alluvial plains and sparse forests and brown soils,the self-similarity between the various types of land types is relatively small,and the distribution of various land types is complex and the stability is low.Under the influence of the external environment.From the analysis of the landscape pattern of each major land type,the landscape pattern of each land type is diverse,but both show structural complexity and instability,and are susceptible to the external environment.(3)The landscape pattern of the typical transect land type in Hebei Province presents a spatial distribution trend,and the landscape elements also show aggregate distribution in space,and the spatial distribution degree of different landscape elements is different.From the results of the spatial autocorrelation analysis of the landscape shape index,it can be concluded that the more complex the landscape shape,the more spatially the distribution of the landscape is distributed.The most complex areas of the typical transect landscape in Hebei are in the northwest and southeast.From the autocorrelation analysis of landscape diversity,the higher the degree of landscape diversity,the more spatial distribution of landscape elements in the landscape.The high diversity in typical transects of Hebei Province mainly occurs in the northwest and central regions of the study area.In summary,by dividing the typical transect land types in Hebei Province,and studying the distribution characteristics and landscape patterns of the land types,we can reveal the distribution characteristics and spatial structure differentiation of the natural elements of the transect,and provide a basis for the further study in the typical transects of Hebei Province.The data provides reference value for comprehensive land improvement and adjustment and utilization.