Research On Financial Poverty Alleviation Model And Evaluation Of Poverty Alleviation Effect

In recent years,with the continuous progress of China's poverty alleviation project,more and more scholars have studied poverty and put forward ideas and countermeasures to alleviate and eliminate poverty.Most scholars believe that the main cause of poverty is the scarcity of capital or the inequality of income distribution system,and financial anti-poverty is one of the solutions.Financial development can promote economic growth,and its trickle-down effect and income distribution effect can help alleviate poverty.Economic growth can also provide sufficient employment opportunities for the society,which can effectively drive the employment of poor people,improve the rate of return of labor factors,and promote the breadth and depth of financial inclusion.Some scholars also believe that financial development often leads to unequal income distribution due to misalloeation of resources,thus widening the depth of poverty.Although scholars hold different views on the effect of financial development on poverty reduction,they have also made a lot of explorations and researches on financial poverty alleviation models,such as micro-insurance model,micro-credit model and chain financing model.This paper draws on a large number of domestic and foreign existing research results,combined with the data availability and the characteristics of study area(drought),will be out of poverty in baicheng crucial financial poverty alleviation drive in the process of industry,education,infrastructure,such as relocation within a series of anti-poverty work involved in 9 different kinds of the implementation of the microfinance poverty alleviation pattern as a quasi experiment,based on large sample document tent card poor more than new period(2013?2018)panel data,using the double difference estimation(DID),and the most basic poverty reduction index-the incidence of poverty,to evaluate the effects of poverty reduction.A series of robustness tests were conducted.First,the placebo test was conducted to confirm that the poverty reduction effect of different financial poverty alleviation models did not come from unobservable factors.Secondly,change the poverty reduction indicators(poverty intensity,poverty gap rate,poverty gap ratio)to re-evaluate the poverty reduction effect;Finally,the two-difference method based on propensity score matching(PSM-DID)and the expanded sample size were used to estimate.The estimated coefficients of the core explanatory variables had little significant difference from the estimated coefficients of DID,with roughly the same symbols and similar sizes,which verified the robustness of the estimated results and the credibility of the empirical analysis.The empirical results show that,on the whole,under the condition of controlling the characteristics of families and villages and considering the fixed effect of villages,the financial poverty alleviation funds of these 9 different models have a certain poverty reduction effect.Financial poverty alleviation by participating in leading enterprises can not significantly reduce the incidence of poverty in a statistical sense,and the financial poverty alleviation funds of the other eight different models can significantly reduce the incidence of poverty in a statistical sense.But poverty rate can only be said poor breadth,did not consider income dimension,does not reflect poor depth and intensity,and in the robustness test,used to consider income dimension of poverty reduction index,the intensity of poverty,poverty gap rate and poverty gap ratio,poor peasant households to participate in cooperative,courtyard economy or infrastructure,for poverty alleviation poverty reduction effect is particularly significant,can significantly reduce the above three poverty indicators.The participation of poor farmers in leading enterprises can promote the uniform distribution of poverty gap and reduce poverty gap rate.The participation of poor farmers in photovoltaic poverty alleviation can significantly reduce the poverty gap ratio,which may not be ideal to reduce the poverty gap rate and poverty intensity due to the substantial increase of poverty line in 2016 and the existence of poverty reversion.Poor peasant households use microfinance,although not significantly reduce the intensity of poverty in statistical sense,can significantly reduce poverty,poverty gap gap rate than the two poverty indicators,by the government and financial institutions to launch "two prevent a stick" of microfinance,lowered the threshold of credit,many before due to lack of mortgage assets in the threshold of the credit by inputting the tent card farmers would then have the opportunity to obtain credit funds,project investment and expand reproduction,in its poverty,and slow the breadth and depth of poverty.Poor peasant households' participation in poverty alleviation through relocation and education and training can reduce the poverty intensity and poverty gap ratio,which are not statistically significant,but can significantly alleviate the poverty gap ratio,which has a certain effect of increasing poverty.The participation of poor farmers in family farms,contrary to the poverty reduction effect of reducing the incidence of poverty,is not conducive to reducing the poverty gap ratio,poverty intensity and poverty gap rate.This effect may be related to the phenomenon of "elite capture".Family farms drive the lowest proportion of poor households in the low-income group,and tend to drive the high-income group to develop production and get rid of poverty.In response to the above research content and conclusions,this article puts forward the following policy recommendations:First,deepen the overall planning of funds and improve the effectiveness of poverty reduction.At the same time as the government integrates agricultural-related funds,it actively leverages bank funds,digs into related resources,continuously expands financing channels and methods,and encourages financial institutions to innovate financial poverty alleviation products and services,such as encouraging rural credit cooperatives,agricultural banks in China and other financial institutions to implement Micro-credit,micro-loan guarantee insurance,risk diversified "bank administration" or "bank certificate guarantee" products,actively promote the trial of rural land contracted management rights and peasant housing property mortgage loan guarantee loans,and effectively expand the scope of mortgage guarantees in poor areas.Encourage the issuance of ex-situ poverty alleviation relocation loan project bonds,etc.,vigorously promote the organic integration of rural finance and rural industry development,give full play to the leverage effect of funds,and increase the poverty reduction effect of poverty alleviation funds.Second,cultivate modem industries and innovate poverty alleviation models.The government exerted its leading advantages,coordinated leading agricultural enterprises,new agricultural business cooperatives and other new agricultural operators to connect with regional universities and scientific research institutions,formed a "industry-industry-research" circular development,created a modem agricultural industry,and promoted the integration of modem agricultural production organizations with their industrial chains.Strengthen the new financial poverty alleviation model with order-based agricultural production as the carrier for poverty alleviation;quickly promote the development of service industries in poor areas,vigorously build logistics distribution systems,develop modern logistics,accelerate the construction of online sales platforms for agricultural products in poor areas,and encourage e-commerce enterprises to develop village-level businesses,Explore "e-commerce,logistics enterprises+courtyard economy poverty alleviation" and other models,provide scattered sales service channels for villagers,and deepen the new financial poverty alleviation model with services as the carrier of poverty alleviation.Third,promote balanced regional development and strengthen assistance to the poor.Increase relocation and infrastructure construction,improve the economic development environment in relatively poor areas,strengthen the belief of new business entities to participate in poverty alleviation,facilitate the introduction of modem industries,and reduce the transactions and choices of poor households in the process of expanding production and technological upgrading Relevant costs such as decision-making,improve the production behaviors of poor households,and effectively drive poverty households out of poverty and increase their income;continue to advance the process of health poverty alleviation,increase the formulation of health poverty alleviation programs for poor people,and improve the level of health management services,such as the signing of family doctor contracts Services,providing free health guidance,routine medical examinations,assisting in hospitalization and reimbursement procedures for poor households.Make the poor "less sick,be able to cure the disease,and be better able to cure the disease",in order to solve the phenomenon of poor people becoming poor due to illness,returning to poverty due to illness,reduce the frequency of further increase of the poor,and ultimately reduce the number of deeply poor people,Effectively strengthen the poverty reduction effect of a series of poverty alleviation projects.