Research On ICT Industry Global Value Chain Status Measurement And Rising Mechanism

With the development of "digital economy" in the world and the progress of information technology,such as Internet,mobile communication network,AI and Internet of things,ICT industry has become the trend of "Internet+" era.More and more countries regard ICT industry as an important engine driving social and economic transformation in the new generation of technological revolution,as one of the criteria to measure the comprehensive strength and international status of a country.As early as 2010,Germany's National High-Tech Strategy 2020 planned to designate the key development areas of German manufacturing industry and industry 4.0 as ICT industry.China has also published relevant documents such as "Internet+" action and "Made in China 2025" strategy,vigorously promoting information technology and industrial transformation.The United States,Japan and other countries or regions have also issued corresponding policies to speed up the implementation of the "national cyber development" strategy and upgrade ICT industry.At the same time,in the fields of 5G,AI,mobile internet,block chain,big data,Internet of Things,we should intensify R&D,encourage independent innovation,improve technology level and protect related intellectual property rights.It can be seen that the ICT industry will be the focus of development and competition in the world in recent years,whether in terms of policy background,economic environment or technological trends.In recent years,with the deepening of international division of labor,the integrated production mode is no longer applicable.And the complete production chain is divided into different chains to be completed by leading enterprises in different countries.Developed countries often transfer and outsource the processing and restructuring business with small profit margin,low technology content and high energy consumption to developing countries,thus they can concentrate on R&D,design,marketing and after-sales links with high added value,which is conducive to achieving richer profits,and establishing the position of industry GVC(global value chain).These developing countries,because of their backward technology,labor force and resources are their basic advantages to integrate into the GVC.This phenomenon has led developed countries to control and guide the economic development of developing countries to a large extent for many years.But nowadays with the rapid development of digital economy,ICT,a new high-tech industry,has brought opportunities for the development of many countries,which is likely to promote the change and development of the intermational division of labor.Therefore,combining with the current GVC theory,it is helpful to clarify the stage,influencing factors and climbing mechanism of ICT industry in a country,which can objectively reflect the current situation of ICT industry development in the world and the gap between countries.This paper is divided into six parts.Part one and two is the introduction which clarifies the whole context.At the same time,the theory of GVC and industrial upgrading are elaborated,which is the theoretical basis for the following.Part three to five briefly introduces the development status of global ICT industry,constructs and calculates the status index of multinational ICT industry GVC,analyses the position of ICT industry in value chain in different countries,and then uses LSDV&PCSE model and quantile regression model to empirically explore which factors have significant impact on the status of ICT industry GVC.On this basis,this paper introduces the theory of industrial upgrading,explores the mechanism through which these factors have an effect on the status of value chain.Part six is the conclusion of the theoretical and empirical analysis of this paper which summarized comprehensively,and the enlightenment to the development of China,s ICT industry is elaborated in detail.This part also puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions from the national,industrial and enterprise levels.The innovation of this paper is to empirically study ICT industry in different countries from the perspective of GVC.The general literature studied most of the traditional industries,few of them studied in emerging industries such as ICT industry at present.Even have,these literature are discussed from the perspective of theory and case,without using data to calculate and analyze from an empirical point of view.Starting from the objective data,this paper integrates the GVC with the emerging ICT industry(including ICT manufacturing industry and ICT service industry),and conducts research by combining qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis,theoretical analysis and empirical analysis.By constructing the econometric model,this paper analyses the links of ICT industry in the GVC in various countries,and empirical results show that the level of intellectual property protection,patent application volume,technology level,domestic production level and other factors have a positive role in promoting the position of ICT industry in the GVC,while the intermational market share and foreign trade dependence have a certain reverse role.Meantime,it puts forward the raising ways of value chain status,Which are based on technical capacity,manufacturing capacity,marketing capacity and upgrading between chains.Especially,it focuses on China's value chain upgrading path,exploring the upgrading mechanism from the aspects of 5G,industrial agglomeration and "one belt and one Road",which has the theoretical and practical significance of ICT industry development.