Analysis On The Structure Of China's Export Commodities And Countermeasures

Since the reform and opening up,China's economic development has achieved a huge leap,and the total economic output has leapt to the second place in the world,second only to the United States.The field of foreign trade has achieved remarkable results,and foreign exports have achieved remarkable results in stimulating economic growth and improving people's living standards.However,with the deterioration of the trade environment,the intensification of global competition,the increase in labor costs brought about by the disappearance of the domestic demographic dividend,and the imbalance of industrial structure,export trade has shown signs of decline,and the issue of export commodity structure has also emerged.Under the background of adjusting and optimizing the structure of export commodities,General Secretary Xi Jinping clearly pointed out in the report of the 19 th National Congress: "Expanding foreign trade,cultivating new modes of trade,and promoting the construction of a strong trade country." To promote China's trade from a big country to trade The transition of a strong country has pointed out the direction.This paper takes the lead in theoretical research,sorts out the traditional international trade theory to clarify their development context and internal relations,provides theoretical support for the optimization research of export commodity structure,and then uses existing data to analyze the current situation of China's export commodity structure.Including the overall structure,industry structure,product structure and trade structure of China's export commodities,followed by index analysis of subdivided export products,including the competitive advantage index and the dominant comparative advantage index,and the impact on the optimization of China's export commodity structure.Based on the empirical analysis,the authors concluded that the main problems of China's export commodity structure are as follows: 1.The proportion of food and live animals exports is high,and the economic risk is high;2.The export level of industrial manufactured goods is low;The competitive advantages of high-tech products are insufficient;4.The level of processing trade is low,and transformation and upgrading are urgently needed;5.The trade deficit in services continues to expand,and the export structure of service trade needs to be improved.In view of the above problems,this paper proposes targeted optimization measures: one is to stabilize the export of food and live animals,to prevent economic risks;the second is to adjust the export industry structure,encourage the transformation and upgrading of the textile industry and the development of the automobile manufacturing industry;The exchange rate policy will play the role of trade lubricants;the fourth is to accelerate the transformation of trade patterns and expand the scale of general trade;the fifth is to increase investment in research and development and innovation,and promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements;the sixth is to adjust the structure of service trade and develop modern service industries.