Research On The Impact Of Opening Policy To Tourism Industry Of Hainan

On April 13,2018,President Xi Jinping proposed in his speech at the meeting to celebrate the 30 th anniversary of Hainan's establishment as a special economic zone,that Hainan should steadily build a free trade port.To build a free trade port,Hainan province must focus on the development of tourism.Since the establishment of the special economic zone in 1988,the reform and opening policy of Hainan province can be divided into two stages: from 1988 to 2000,the opening up policy was less and mainly focused on internal reform;From 2000 to 2019,mainly open to the outside world.The strategy of international tourism island and the policy of free trade port are two important opening policies.Tourism is a pillar industry in Hainan Province,but the proportion of entry is low and international competitiveness is weak.Has the open policy been implemented in Hainan for more than 30 years,and has it affected the tourism industry in Hainan? What is the mechanism? Solving these problems will help Hainan,even China,further expand its openness and develop an open economy.In view of the above problems,the opening policy of Hainan province was firstly sorted out,and it was found that since the establishment of Hainan province,it first carried out internal reform and then opened to the outside world,and the opening policies related to tourism were mainly concentrated after 2000.The strategy of international tourism island and the policy of free trade port are the policies that have important influence on tourism industry.Secondly,this paper analyzes the characteristics of tourism industry,discusses the mechanism of the impact of the open policy as a hard institutional constraint on tourism.Finally,the GM(1,1)grey prediction model and projection-postimplementation comparison method were used to conduct longitudinal comparative analysis of whether Hainan province has an open policy or not,and the tourism industry and other regions was analyzed horizontally through the synthetic control method to demonstrate the impact of the open policy on the tourism industry and its size.The paper finds that :(1)The tourism industry has the characteristics of externality and information asymmetry,as well as the attributes of public goods,which provides theoretical support for the policy intervention.Institutional economics also provides theoretical support for the impact of policy on tourism industry.Opening policy is a kind of institutional constraint.Measures such as tax exemption on outlying islands and free exchange of currencies to expand the opening of products and services have reduced transaction costs and promoted the development of the tourism industry.The impact of the open policy on Hainan's tourism industry is carried out according to the mechanism of "open policy--tourism supply--tourism demand--tourism industry growth".(2)The opening-up policy has had a significant positive impact on Hainan's tourism industry,of which the policy of international tourism island has a significant impact,while the policy of free trade port has not.The longitudinal comparison shows that the open policy has a significant positive impact on tourism income,and there is a lag with two or three years in the impact on the number of tourists and the amount of accommodation and catering.It is found that the international tourism island strategy has a significant impact on the tourism income,while the effect of the free trade port policy is not obvious.(3)Through the horizontal and vertical comparison results,it can be seen that opening policy has a large vertical impact,but a small horizontal impact.The difference of tourism income between real Hainan and "composite Hainan" is small,and the annual growth rate of this difference is also small.In other words,the tourism income growth rate caused by the opening-up policy is only slightly higher than that of "composite Hainan",which consists of Xiamen,Ningbo,Dalian and Qinhuangdao.In a word,the opening policy promoted the growth of Hainan's tourism industry,and it had the most obvious impact on tourism income,followed by the number of tourists and the amount of accommodation and catering.The impact of the policy had a lag of 2 to 3 years.The international tourism island strategy is more effective than the free trade port policy.Therefore,Suggestions are put forward :(1)Hainan province provides high-quality tourism products and services based on free trade port and other opening policies.(2)Promote the development of the tourism industry by improving the level of foreign trade through the opening-up policy.(3)In the implementation of the opening policy,the role of technological elements should be given play to.