Study On Inventory-Routing Strategy Of Fresh Products Supply Chain Under Different Decision Methods

Recent years,the demand for fresh products has increased sharply,and the requirements for fresh products quality and delivery service have become higher and higher.As results,the delivery mode becomes various.As the conception of New Retailing was presented,the fresh retailing developed rapidly and the fresh industry became “blue ocean” market.However,the cost of fresh supply chain remains high because of the characteristics of fresh products,such as perishable,costly and diverse.Moreover,the greenhouse effect becomes increasingly serious.It is known that storage and transportation account for the largest share of supply chain costs and contribute to the most CO2.It is urgent to reduce carbon emissions produced in supply chain.In addition,the introduction of various environmental policies forces enterprises to attach importance to carbon emissions reduction.Under the huge economic pressure and environmental pressure,many New Retailing corporations have encountered obstacles in the operation.Cost management and carbon emissions control have become two major problems in the development of fresh industry.Supply chain coordination is an important part of supply chain management.Collaborative management can reduce the consumption of each segment.Therefore,improving inventory and delivery plannings and enhancing supply chain coordination are the keys to solve the cost and carbon emission problems.Firstly,taking Beijing fresh retailing for example,the inventory and delivery strategies of the distribution centers and prepositioned warehouses are optimized,and the two-stage inventory-routing optimization models with time window are established aiming at the lowest cost and the lowest comprehensive cost respectively in this paper.Secondly,the best strategies under decentralized decision and centralized decision are discussed.The Simulated Annealing algorithm is designed to solve the models.And the results are further analyzed to find the best logistics strategies in different scenarios.At last,the relationship among the participants in the supply chain is discussed.and the Shapley Value method is taken to allocate the supply chain costs reasonably so that cooperative relation can be more stable.Furthermore,coordination can improve the inventory and delivery strategies,so as to realize the goals that carbon emissions and cost reduction.This paper verifies that low carbon supply chain can eliminate the “trade off” by coordination.By optimizing the organizational structure and integrating supply chain resources,emission and cost can be reduced simultaneously.Under the Cap and Trade mechanism,contrast to low-cost oriented supply chain with decentralized decision,the low-carbon oriented chain's total costs are reduced by 19% and carbon emissions by 58% with centralized decision in this study.The sensitivity analysis of carbon cap and price verifies that Cap and Trade is a flexible and effective tool of emission control.In addition,it is found that damage control from whole process is one of the key measures to solve the cost problem of supply chain according to the sensitivity analysis.This paper studies the cost reduction and emission reduction of fresh products supply chain from two aspects of strategic synergy and business process coordination,which provides decision basis for fresh enterprises to solve the problem of high cost and high emission.There are 31 figures,21 tables and 71 references.