| Fertility is a matter of ethnic continuity and social development.Since the implementation of family planning in China in the 1980 s,China’s fertility rate has continued to decline,which has led to a series of socio-economic problems such as population aging,rising labor costs,social pension crisis,and economic recession.The state and the government actively responded to the call of the times,adjusted the family planning policy in a timely manner,and began to implement a comprehensive two-child policy.In this context,the maternity insurance system,as an important part of the entire social security system,should not only provide protection for the rights and interests of women,but also play a role in promoting the full implementation of the second child policy.After the 19 th National Congress,China’s institutional reforms entered the deep-water zone,merged with urban maternity insurance and urban medical insurance,and reformed various social insurances such as pension insurance,medical insurance,and maternity insurance to the tax authorities,which not only eliminated the original The drawbacks of the maternity insurance system can also effectively protect and improve the reproductive rights of female employees,reflect the social and ethical values of fertility,reflect the humane care of the state and society,ensure the employment of female employees,reduce the burden on families,and promote the comprehensive second-child policy.The implementation has a positive impact.As a city with separate plans,Ningbo should be brave enough to try and be at the forefront of reform and exploration.Based on the existing maternity insurance system,maternity insurance coverage,fund income and expenditure,and fertility data since the opening of the second child,this paper will study the income and expenditure of maternity insurance funds in the context of comprehensive second child through model design and data analysis.Further analysis of the maternity insurance rates,coverage,maternity leave holidays and payment treatments will have different effects on the balance of maternity insurance funds.On this basis,the optimal proposal for the adjustment of maternity insurance policy is proposed through the model of maternity fund sustainability.The first part of the article introduces the research background and significance,the research status at home and abroad,as well as the research content,ideas and methods.The second part of the article examines the relevant concepts of maternity insurance and analyzes the paradigm of the regulation,and then examines the role of maternity insurance from the perspective of social security and economics.The third part of the article investigates the current system of fertility funds in Ningbo and the income and expenditure in recent years,and further analyzes the problems existing in the maternity fund and the impact of changes in employment rate and fertility rate caused by the comprehensive second child on the income and expenditure of the fertility fund.The fourth part of the article constructs the income and expenditure calculation model and sustainability model of the maternity fund.The fifth part of the article studies the different maternity insurance systems at home and abroad,and the maternity protection and fund income and expenditure of the “two insurance merger” pilot areas.The sixth part of the article studies the fund’s income and expenditure under the current rate,maternity insurance coverage and treatment level according to the model of the maternity fund sustainability model,and analyzes the rate,coverage,maternity leave and payment treatment of maternity insurance.When the degree of adjustment is made,it will affect the balance of maternity insurance funds separately,and give the authors the best payment rate,maternity care,maternity leave and allowance treatment plan.Finally,summarize and propose the countermeasures to improve the management of Ningbo’s maternity insurance fund,as well as the issues that need attention during the reform. |
PDF Full Text Request