A Comparative Study Of Marx's And Amartya Sen's Poverty Theories

There are many scholars at home and abroad who have written books on poverty theory.Based on the important position of Marx's and Amartya Sen's poverty theories in poverty research,this paper uses the method of comparative analysis to compare Marx's and Amartya Sen's discussions on poverty from different perspectives,dialectically analyzes and understands their poverty theories,and helps to solve the practical difficulties encountered in China's anti-poverty at the present stage and consolidate the foundation of Comprehensively build a well-off society in combination with the actual poverty problems faced by China under the current social conditions.Marx's poverty theory studies poverty in capitalist society.He divides poverty into absolute poverty and relative poverty.He thinks that the causes of poverty are labor alienation and capital accumulation,and the fundamental cause is capitalist social system.To eradicate poverty,we must eradicate the capitalist labor system in Employment,liberate and develop productive forces,and establish a communist system.Amartya Sen,on the basis of economics and in combination with the comparison of practical experience in social choice and development,explores the internal connection between hunger and public behavior,advocates paying attention to the balanced distribution of rights and the ability to acquire and create means of production,and supports a perfect aid system to protect the equal rights of the poor,improve their practical ability and try to fundamentally help the poor out of poverty.?The similarities between Marx's and Amartya Sen's poverty theories mainly focus on the following aspects:First of all,neither of them has limited poverty to low income,but has a systematic understanding of anti-poverty.Secondly,both of themhave seen the inequality caused by the differences of class,gender and other classified groups themselves,and have also considered the diversity of evaluation domains for evaluating poverty factors.Finally,the starting point of both is to help the poor change their fate.They also attach importance to the plight of the proletariat and workers and feel the same way about their sufferings.At the same time,we need to see that Marx's discussion on poverty comes from the rising period of capitalist development.The proposal of capital theory has further intensified the contradiction between capitalism and the proletariat.As a system theorist,Marx intends to free the proletariat from the shackles of the capitalist system and to keep people away from exploitation and oppression and from the unequal class status quo.Amartya Sen lived in the middle and late 20 th century when contemporary capitalism was undergoing new changes.As an ability theorist,he believed that the focus of poverty eradication should ultimately fall on the basic human ability.The two views differed greatly in the core view and the solution to poverty.