Empirical Study On The Impact Of Loan Proportion Of Small And Micro Enterprises To The Performance And Risk Of Bank

In recent years,China's economy has been under increasing downward pressure due to the sharp fluctuations in the real estate market,the intensification of Internet financial risks,the steady accumulation of local debts and the decline in investment,consumption and exports,as well as the global monetary tightening,the growing trade frictions between China and the United States and the geopolitical instability in its neighborhood.Small and micro enterprises have made great contributions to employment rate,economic developmentand social harmony and stability.Therefore,accelerating the economic transformation,upgrading and stimulating the investment and entrepreneurship enthusiasm of private enterprises and small and micro enterprises are the top priorities of China's economic development.The state has also introduced a series of policies to support the bank credit to small and micro enterprises,so that small and micro enterprises loan business development space is huge.On the other hand,the banking industry has entered a new transition period,and it is urgent to find new profit growth points.The "blue ocean" market of small and micro enterprise loan business is also a significant opportunity for the development of China's commercial banks.Therefore,it is particularly important to research the influence of small and micro enterprise loans on commercial banks.From a subdivision perspective of loan structure--small and micro enterprise loan proportion as the entry point,this paper explores the impact of small and micro enterprise loan on bank performance and risk.This paper first introduces the concept of small micro enterprise loan in our country and the policy guidance,summary describes the characteristics of small micro enterprises and business development present situation,and information asymmetry theory,credit rationing theory,portfolio theory,the long tail theory and the theory of social responsibility such as small micro enterprise combined with relevant theory,from the qualitative perspective,explores the small micro enterprise loan and risk effect on bank performance.In addition,the use of 16 large or joint-stock commercial banks,36 city commercial banksand other related data of commercial banks,selected bank return on total assets and non-performing loan ratio is as explained variable,small micro enterprise loan proportion as explanatory variables,asset size,gross domestic product(GDP)growth rate and non-performing loan ratio as control variable,as regulating variable types of banks,panel data regression model was constructed and regulating effect model,and according to the F test and hausman test results using the panel data model is appropriate,From a quantitative perspective,it measures the influence of the loan proportion of small and micro enterprises on bank performance and risk and the moderating effect of the moderating variable bank type.The empirical results show that there is a positive correlation between the loan proportion of small and micro businesses in commercial banks and bank performance,and there is also a positive correlation between the loan proportion and bank risk.Bank types only have a moderating effect on the relationship between the loan proportion of small and micro enterprises and bank risks,and the influence of the loan proportion of small and micro enterprises on bank risks is more obvious in large or joint-stock commercialbanks than in other commercial banks.On the basis of the empirical conclusion,this paper puts forward corresponding suggestions.