| During two visits to London in the 1790s, Joseph Haydn encountered the English grand piano, whose capabilities had a significant impact on his composition of Sonata XVI: Hob. 50 in C Major. Historical evidence and musical analysis of the score provide clues which reveal Haydn's intended instrument. Dynamic markings, musical textures, range, and pedal indications were examined, as these facets of the Sonata are the most revealing indications of the English grand's influence. A comparison of two different publications of the second movement, the latter one with alterations in the score, was provided, revealing changes which substantiate Haydn's desire to compose specifically for the capabilities of the English instrument. Particular emphasis was given to the only two "open Pedal" markings ever indicated by Haydn, and an assessment of pedal indications used by Haydn's contemporaries was included. |
