Research On Incoherent Self-reference Digital Holography Imaging System Based On Michelson Interferometer

Holography uses the principles of light interference and diffraction to convert phase and amplitude changes into recordable intensity changes,thereby recording and reconstructing three-dimensional information in the light field.With the advancements in laser technology,photoelectric sensors and computer processing technology,digital holography has developed quite quickly throughout different fields of science and technology.Compared with traditional holography,digital holography is low cost,records and reproduces quickly,and prioritizes flexibility.It has developed into an independent and unique category in modern optics,and has a wide range of potential applications in many fields,such as microscopic observation,three-dimensional imaging,metrology,display technology,material processing,data storage,and information processing.This paper primarily studies the incoherent light self-reference imaging system based on the Michelson interferometer,derives the point spread function for the system,verifies the applicability of the generalized phase shift algorithm to the system,analyzes the relationship between the reconstruction distance and imaging quality,and obtains the optimal system reconstruction distance.The influencing factors of resolution in digital holography are theoretically deduced and have been experimented on.The main content of this paper includes the following three aspects:(1)Reviews the development history and primary research results of incoherent digital holography,introduces its recording methods and reproduction principles,briefly analyzes the optical paths and imaging principles of the four coaxial incoherent digital holographic imaging systems,introduces phase shift interferometry,studies and finally the differences between a fixed-step phase shift algorithm and a generalized phase shift algorithm.(2)Builds an incoherent light self-reference digital holographic imaging system based on the Michelson interferometer,theoretically derives the point spread function of the system,and verifies the correctness of the theoretical analyses by simulating a point source through a small hole.Performs microscopic imaging of the USAF1951 resolution plate and animal and plant cells.Through generalized phase shift algorithm and angular spectrum reconstruction technology,the interference of zero-order images and twin images is eliminated,and high-resolution reconstructed images can be obtained.By reconstructing different focal planes of diamond particles,the three-dimensional imaging characteristics of the system can be studied.(3)Focuses on how reconstruction distance influences system imaging quality.Through the Brenner gradient algorithm,information entropy,DCT frequency domain method,and autofocus algorithm based on reconstructed image contrast,the optimal reconstruction distance for the system can be obtained.Derives the expression for system imaging resolution,and discusses the determinants that affect system imaging.The relationship between the wavelengths of analyte light waves and imaging resolution is verified through simulations and experimentation under multi-spectral conditions.