Research On Aerodynamic Characteristics And Optimization Of Waverider

Hypersonic vehicle is an important research direction in modern aerospace technology.The waverider is an aerodynamic shape which designed by a special design method In hypersonic flight,the attached shockwaves are generated below the fuselage.Since the shock wave is attached to the leading edge,the high-pressure gas under the fuselage does not leak upwards,resulting in a huge pressure difference between the upper and lower parts of the aircraft which increase the lift-to-drag ratio.Therefore,the waverider usually has a high lift-to-drag ratio.Firstly,this paper introduces three design methods of waverider,and then chooses cone-derived design method which generate waverider by a cone-shaped shock wave flow field and write a program to design model: Input flow parameters,shock wave angle and leading edge curve;Solve the conical shock wave flow field control equation through the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method to obtain conical shock wave flow field;obtains the model of the waverider by tracing the leading edge curve in the conical shock flow field.Secondly,the generated waverider is subjected to numerical simulation of computational fluid dynamics.The aerodynamic characteristics of the waverider in the Mach number range from 5 to 8 and the attack angle range from 0 to 10 degrees are obtained.The obtained data show that the waverider will generate attached shock waves under the fuselage during hypersonic flight.This means the designed waverider “ride” on a shock wave well,which verify the design process implemented in this paper.After that,analyze the obtained aerodynamic parameters.Thirdly,design an optimization program based on a hybrid method of particle swarm optimization and artificial bee swarm optimization algorithm.Using this optimization program,do the aerodynamic optimization with an optimized objection of lift-drag ratio on the waverider,and obtain the optimize waverider.After that,a numerical simulation of the optimized waverider is performed under the same conditions of the simulation of the initial waverider.The obtained data is analyzed by compared with the aerodynamic parameters of the initial waverider aerodynamic shape.From the analysis,it is seen that as the Mach number increases,the coefficient of lift and drag,and the lift-to-drag ratio of both initial and optimized waverider decrease in the Mach number range from 5 to 8.It is seen that there is no obvious difference between the inviscid forces acting on the waverider before and after optimization,but the viscous force after optimization is obviously lower than that before optimization.Therefore,it id found that the viscous force acting on the waverider is the main factor affecting the lift-to-drag ratio of the waverider.