| Bouyei Nationality is one of the most populous ethnic minorities in Southwest China.It originated on both sides of the Nanpan River,Beipan River and Hongshui River,its ancestors are Luoyue people in Baiyue ethnic group.After the Han Dynasty,"Luoyue" was replaced by several names,and it was not until 1953 that it was officially named "Bouyei".In order to study the anthropometric characteristics of Bouyei Nationality,the research group went to Ceheng County of Qianxinan Bouyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Guizhou Province,and Guanling Bouyei and Miao Autonomous County of Anshun City in late September 2016,and went to Zhouqin Town,Sandu Shui Autonomous County,Qiannan Bouyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in late October 2018.A total of 1382 Bouyei adults(602 males and 780 females)were investigated for the measurement of head,face and body parts and the investigation of observation indexes.The biochemical indexes of some samples from Zhouqin town in Southern Guizhou were tested.The data was statistically processed by Excel 2010 and SPSS18.0.The body figure was made in the body figure software,and the heath Carter body shape method was used to study the body shape.The results are as follows:(1)The Bouyei head and face index type is mesoceophaly,hypsicephalic,acrocephalic,mesoprosopy,mesorrhiny.Most people have non pointed hairline,straight slope,sparse eyebrows,weak eyebrow arch,upper eyelid fold and no Mongolian fold,the height of eye fissure is mostly medium,the inclination of eye fissure is more,the external angle of eye is higher,the height of nose root is more medium,the view of nasal dorsal side is more straight,the base of nose is more upturned,the maximum diameter of nostril is more horizontal,the prominent degree of zygomatic is more medium,the occurrence rate of round earlobe is higher,the most people have no beauth ditch,most of them have straight chin,the skin height of upper lip is medium,most of them have thin lips,and most of them have broad nasal wings.Compared with the Bouyei Nationality in the three regions,the Bouyei Nationality in Southwest Guizhou has the highest nose,the Bouyei Nationality in Anshun has the largest head width height index,and the Bouyei Nationality in South Guizhou has the smallest forehead width,the widest outer corner width,the longest nose,the highest lip and the thickest red lip.The Bouyei Nationality in Southwest Guizhou has the highest incidence of middle height of nasal root,middle degree of zygomatic protrusion and thin lip,while the Bouyei Nationality in South Guizhou has the highest incidence of nasal base level and no beauth ditch.(2)Bouyei adults are of middle trunk,sub long legs,middle chest and short stature;The male patients are middle shoulder type and middle pelvis type,and the Rohrer index is middle type.The female patients are narrow shoulder type and wide pelvis type,and the Rohrer index is short and fat type.Compared with the Bouyei Nationality in the three regions,the male of the Bouyei Nationality in Anshun has longer legs,and the weight of the Bouyei Nationality in Qiannan is larger,and the skeletal development of the hand,foot and shoulder is better.Women of Bouyei Nationality in Southwest Guizhou have longer thighs,and women of Anshun have longer calves.Women of Bouyei Nationality in South Guizhou have larger body weight and better bone development of tibia,medial malleolus,hand,foot,femur and shoulder.(3)The horizontal circumference of head,calm chest circumference,waist circumference,calf circumference,upper arm circumference,forearm circumference and the maximum circumference of upper arm of Bouyei men are greater than those of women.The results of cluster analysis show that the values of various circumferences of Bouyei Nationality are low,which are closest to those of Yao nationality.Compared with the Bouyei Nationality in the three regions,the trunk and limb girth of the Bouyei Nationality in the south of Guizhou is larger than that in the southwest of Guizhou and Anshun,and the degree of muscle development is better.(4)The thickness of six skin folds in Bouyei male is thicker than that in female.The results of cluster analysis show that the skin fold thickness of Bouyei is close to that of Maonan,Shui and Miao,and it has the characteristics of South Asia.The development of subcutaneous fat of Bouyei Nationality in Qiannan is better than that of Bouyei Nationality in three areas.(5)The average somatotype of Bouyei male is 4.2-5.0-1.8,which belongs to mesoderm type.The average body shape of female is 5.5-4.6-1.3,which belongs to mesoderm endoderm.Compared with other ethnic groups,Bouyei adults have a higher degree of body linearity and a lower degree of fat,bone and muscle development.(6)The level of muscle development in male is higher than that in female.Compared with the Bouyei Nationality in the three regions,the overall fat rate,calorie,visceral fat grade,right upper limb fat rate and trunk fat rate of the Bouyei Nationality in Qiannan are the highest,and the fat development is the best.(7)The male and female of Bouyei Nationality are all short stature,and the degree of bone development is lower than that of other groups.The physical characteristics of Bouyei are close to those of Yao,Shui and Dong,and have the characteristics of South Asian ethnic groups,which are different from those in the north.(8)The Bouyei Nationality has the highest incidence of upper eyelid fold,no inner canthus fold,non convex type of nasal dorsal view,narrow nostril type,non convex type of chin,ear lobe,no sharp type of forehead hairline and straight hair.The results showed that there are pairwise correlations between forehead hairline inner canthus fold,forehead hairline nostril shape,forehead hairline hair shape,inner canthus fold upper eyelid fold.The genetic characteristics of head and face of Bouyei Nationality are most similar to those of Shui,Dong,Miao,Yao and Zhuang nationalities,which are of South Asian type.(9)The frequency of non rolling tongue,non rolling tongue and pointed tongue is the highest in Bouyei Nationality.There is gene interaction between rolling tongue and pointed tongue.The characteristics of Bouyei tongue movement are similar to those of Dong,Shui,Tujia,Lahu,Miao and other southern ethnic groups.(10)The highest incidence of right clasp,right right hand and left cross arm in Bouyei Nationality was found.There is gene interaction between clasp and handedness.The asymmetric behavior of Bouyei is close to that of Dong,Zhuang,Maonan,Miao and Shui ethnic groups,and has the characteristics of South Asian ethnic groups.(11)Male height,body fat rate,muscle mass and heart rate,female height,muscle mass,weight and body fat rate have accuracy in predicting total bilirubin.Male age,systolic blood pressure,female systolic blood pressure,muscle mass have accuracy in predicting triglyceride.Waist to hip ratio(WHR),waist to body ratio(WHR),ellisman index(AI),waist circumference(WC),height(H),female height(H)and muscle mass(m)were the predictors of HDL.Male age,female height,muscle mass,hip circumference,weight and waist circumference have accuracy in predicting LDL.Male muscle mass,weight,systolic blood pressure,visceral fat grade,female height,heart rate,muscle mass have accuracy in the determination of uric acid content.Male weight,hip circumference,systolic blood pressure,height,muscle mass,diastolic blood pressure,waist circumference,body fat rate,female heart rate,diastolic blood pressure have accuracy in the determination of blood glucose content.Conclusion,the anthropometric characteristics of Bouyei Nationality are the closest to Shui,Zhuang,Maonan,Miao and Yao nationalities,which have the characteristics of South Asian types. |
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