Study On The Physique And Genetic Characteristics Of Shui

The Shui Nationality is a rice-growing ethnic group with a long history in Southwest China and has its own language and writing.In 2015 and 2018,the research group went to Qiannan Bouyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Guizhou Province twice to measure and observe 90 physical anthropological indicators of 1074 Shui adults(including 521 males and 553females)and to test 18 biochemical indexes of peripheral blood.The data were processed and analyzed by u-test,chi-square test,correlation analysis,cluster analysis,one-way ANOVA,principal component analysis and so on.The results are as follows:(1)In Shui nationality,there are higher occurrence rate in straight forehead inclination,upper eyelid fold,no Mongolian fold,high external angle of direction of eyelits,medium height of nasal root,straight type of nasal dorsal side,upward warping of nasal base,transverse maximum diameter of nostril,weak protruding degree of zygomatic projection,triangular lobe types,medium skin height of upper lip,middle lip and straight underjaw.(2)The head index classification showed that both males and females of Shui nationality were round head type,middle head type,high head type,middle face type and middle nose type.(3)The male and female of Shui nationality are middle trunk type,wide shoulder type,wide crista iliaca type,short height and short stature type.Male is sub-long leg type and wide chest type,and female is middle leg type and middle chest type.(4)The correlation analysis between body circumference and age showed that Shui male body mass index was positively correlated with age,head circumference,waist circumference,hipcircumference,thigh circumference,calf circumference,upper arm circumference,upper arm maximum circumference,forearm circumference and Vervaeck index were negatively correlated with age,while female waist circumference and Erisman index were positively correlated with age.(5)With the increase of age,the thickness of triceps brachial skinfold,subscapular skinfold and medial leg skinfold decreased.(6)The average somatotype of male of Shui nationality is3.8-5.4-1.9,which is mesoderm somatotype of partial endoderm,and that of female is 4.9-5.5-1.2,which is mesoderm somatotype of partial endoderm.The body fat rate of female is significantly higher than that of male,and the body linearity is lower than that of male.(7)Shui males and females body weight,height,total muscle mass,presumptive bone mass,calorie,left upper limb fat rate,left upper limb fat rate,right lower limb fat rate,left lower limb fat rate,left lower limb muscle weight and trunk muscle mass decreased with the increase of age.(8)In the past 27 years,the minimum frontal breadth,intermandibular breadth,nose breadth,external interocular breadth,physiognomy ear length,auricular heigh,head circumference,body weight,waist circumference,calm chest circumference,pelvic width and upper arm length of males and females of the Shui nationality have increased compared with those in 1991,while the values of facial width,morphological facial height,nose height,external biocular breadth,mouth breadth,forearm length,hand length,hand width,foot length and foot width have decreased.There is little difference in physiognomic facial height,height and shoulder width.Generally speaking,in the past 27 years,the values of head and face outline,body circumference,pelvis width and upper arm length are larger,while the facial length,morphological surface height,mouth fissure width,forearm length and hand and foot length and width are smaller.The height of the Shui has no significant change,but the weight has increased.(9)Compared with other ethnic groups,the male and female of the Shui nationality have shorter stature and narrower head and face,which are quite different from the northern ethnic groups,and are most close to Mulam and Maonan ethnic groups.(10)The occurrence rate of rolling tongue,not turning tongue and non-pointed tongue is higher in Shui ethnic group.There are two types of correlation between rolling tongue and turning tongue.(11)The higher occurrence rate of the Shui ethnic group is that the right clasp is 64.7%,the right-handed is 94.5%,and the left cross arm is 58.6%.There was no significant difference in the occurrence rate of hand clasping,handedness and crossed arms between sexes.There is a correlation between hand-clasping and handedness.(12)The average values of direct bilirubin,triglyceride and glutamyl transferase in males and females of Shui were higher than the normal range.(13)According to the ROC curve area,except for age and weight,the other 12 measurement indexes of male and female have diagnostic significance for total cholesterol;Male age,weight,height,waist circumference,hip circumference,systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure,body fat rate and visceral fat grade,female's systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and height have diagnostic significance for high density lipoprotein;Male weight,height,waist circumference,hip circumference,waist-to-waist ratio,systolic blood pressure,Erisman index,body fat rate,muscle mass,visceral fat grade,female age,weight,waist circumference,hip circumference,waist-to-hip ratio,waist-to-body ratio,systolic blood pressure,Erisman index,body fat rate and visceral fat grade have diagnostic significance for low density lipoprotein;Male height,waist-to-hip ratio,heart rate,muscle mass ratio,age,weight,waist circumference,hip circumference,waist-to-hip ratio,waist-to-body ratio,systolic blood pressure,Erisman index,body fat rate and visceral fat grade,female age,weight,waist circumference,hip circumference,waist-to-hip ratio,waist-to-body ratio,systolic blood pressure,Erisman index,body fat rate,visceral fat grade have diagnostic significance for uric acid;Male systolic blood pressure,heart rate,age and waist-hip ratio,female height,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and heart rate have diagnostic significance for triglyceride;Male diastolic blood pressure,height,age,waist-to-hip ratio and waist-hip ratio,female height,diastolic blood pressure,heart rate,waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-hip ratio have diagnostic significance for blood glucose.