| Rural settlements area is a place where the rural population of a certain scale focuses on production and life according to the natural,social,economic conditions and blood relations,and its shape is comprehensively influenced by nature,economic society,and policy regulation.With the development of new rural construction,new urbanization,and urban-rural integration,rural settlements areas in China are undergoing continuous transformation and reconstruction.The paradox of rural population loss and a land area of rural settlements areas increasing.The expansion of construction land will inevitably lead to the squeeze of rural production space and ecological space,aggravate the imbalance of rural functional space structure,cause the contradiction and conflict of living-production-ecological function,and bring about ecological environment degradation,resource depletion,and rural development obstruction.At the same time,under the background of city-first development strategy,the construction and development of rural settlements areas in China lack growth control and planning guidance,and there are problems such as scattered layout,extensive land use,non-agricultural production factors,and lack of supporting facilities,resulting in the continuous decline of rural development potential.With the change of rural income level,lifestyle,and cultural level,the rural population has put forward new demands for production,living conditions,and ecological environment quality.Therefore,based on the theory of production-livingecological function,it is of great significance to explore the coupling and coordination relationship of the production-living-ecological function of rural settlements areas,divide the spatial reconstruction types of rural settlements areas,and put forward the spatial reconstruction strategies of rural settlements areas.Based on this background,this study takes 23018 rural settlements patches in Qixingguan District as the research object and relies on the spatial data and socio-economic data of Qixingguan District,including land use data,administrative division data,geological data,traffic network data,hydrological data,geological disaster monitoring data,rocky desertification data,soil erosion data,etc.Using kernel density analysis,coupling coordination model,Moran's I index,hot spot analysis,SOFM neural network,and other methods to clarify the spatial pattern of rural settlements areas and their production-living-ecological function in Qixingguan District,analyze the coupling degree and coordination degree of rural settlements areas and their production-living-ecological function.The spatial reconstruction types of rural settlements were divided based on the coupling coordination level of production-production-production functions,and the spatial reconstruction strategies were proposed for different reconstruction types.The results of this study provide the scientific basis for improving rural production and living conditions and ecological environment,alleviating the contradiction between man and land,and improving the level of rural basic public services.The main contents are as follows:(1)Analysis of the characteristics of rural settlements density,spatial distribution,and spatial aggregation in Qixingguan District.With the help of Arc GIS 10.5 platform,using kernel density analysis,Gini coefficient,Lorentz curve,hot spot analysis,and other methods,the spatial pattern of rural settlements areas is systematically identified from three aspects of distribution density,spatial equilibrium and spatial aggregation based on the two perspectives of rural settlements patches and rural settlements area.On this basis,the distribution law and pointing mechanism of rural residential area in altitude,slope,distance from grade highway,distance from river,distance from township center are analyzed.(2)Calculation of living function,production function,and ecological function and analysis of the spatial pattern of rural settlements areas in Qixingguan District.According to the concept and connotation of rural production-ecological function,combined with the actual situation of the study area and the regional characteristics of karst mountainous area,the evaluation index system of rural settlements living-production-ecological function was constructed,and the spatial pattern of each index was analyzed.Using the range standardization method and entropy method,the weight of each index of rural settlements' production-ecological function was calculated comprehensively.Finally weighted sum quantitative measurement of living function,production function,ecological function level.Based on this,the spatial clustering characteristics of production-living-production functions of rural settlements areas were analyzed by using global spatial autocorrelation and local spatial autocorrelation,and the formation mechanism of the spatial pattern of clustering characteristics was analyzed qualitatively.(3)Calculation of living function,production function,ecological function,and coupling coordination level of rural settlements areas in Qixingguan District.On the analysis of the rural settlements,areas grow function based on the spatial distribution pattern,using the coupling coordination model quantitatively estimates the rural settlements areas grow and function and the coupling between the two coupling coordination degree,and with the aid of Arc GIS 10.5 platform,statistics of different level of coupling and coupling coordination degree level within the scope of the rural settlements areas,patch area,and population size.Based on this,combined with the spatial distribution pattern of the coupling coordination level of production-living-ecological functions of rural settlements areas,the paper qualitatively analyzes the production-living-ecological functions of rural settlements areas and their interaction between them.(4)Classification of spatial reconstruction types and reconstruction strategies of rural settlements in Qixingguan District.Based on the previous research,SOFM neural network was used to divide the spatial reconstruction type areas of rural settlements areas,and statistics of the plaques,areas,and population size of rural settlements areas in different types of areas,analyze the characteristics of production-living-ecological function of different types of reconstruction areas and explore the characteristics of production-living-ecological function and its coupling coordination level.Based on this,the development direction of rural settlements area in different reconstruction types is pointed out,and the spatial reconstruction strategy of rural settlements area is formed. |
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