| Objective: By analyzing the distribution characteristics and drug resistance of food-borne Salmonella in Jilin Province,this research provides an important theoretical basis and technical support for the formulation of prevention and control strategies for drug-resistant food-borne Salmonella and the ratio of clinical treatment drugs in Jilin Province.Which is of great significance for controlling the growth rate of food-borne Salmonella resistance and increasing the success rate of treatment.Methods: Through stratified sampling of food-borne disease strains and food sampling strains from nine pilot hospitals in Jilin Province from 2013 to 2019,the strains with positive Salmonella test results are the subject strains studied in the experiment.The experimental strains included 700 Salmonella strains of food-borne diseases,and 48 Salmonella strains detected in food samples from various regions of Jilin Province,totaling 748 cases.A drug sensitivity test was conducted on 748 strains.The experimental drugs included ciprofloxacin(CIP),compound trimethoprim(TMP/SMZ),chloramphenicol(CHL),nalidixic acid(NAL),and gentamicin(GEN),Tetracycline(TET),Cefotaxime(CTX),Cefoxitin(CFX)8 kinds of drugs.Descriptive analysis of the basic information of the strains,using X~2 test to compare the differences in drug resistance rates among different populations,different times,different serotypes,and different sources of strains,using Logistic regression to analyze the factors affecting drug resistance,when P<0.05,the difference is considered statistically significant.Results: 1.The basic situation of the strain: The detection rate of Salmonella is the highest among people aged 1-5 years,which is 45.1%.The detection rate of Salmonella in men was higher than that in women(58.1%>41.9%).The Salmonella detection rate in the second(39.1%)and third(49.2%)quarters was significantly higher than that in the first(6.6%)and fourth(5.1%)quarters.The 67 Salmonella serotypes are mainly Salmonella enteritidis(43.98%)and Salmonella typhimurium(29.54%).2.Overall drug resistance: Among 748 strains of Salmonella,669 strains are resistant to at least one antibiotic,and the resistance rate is 89.4%.196 food-borne Salmonella strains are resistant to at least three or more drugs,and the multi-drug resistance rate is 26.2%.3.The order of resistance of the eight drugs: The resistance rate of the eight antibiotics in descending order is nalidixic acid(62.3%),tetracycline(53.3%),compound trimethoprim(27.1%),and chloramphenicol(20.9%),ciprofloxacin(13.9%),cefotaxime(13.4%),gentamicin(10.6%),cefoxitin(2.5%).4.Analysis of factors affecting drug resistance:(1)The difference in food-borne Salmonella under the following conditions is statistically significant,the city of residence(X~2=16.482,P=0.036),year(X~2=31.969,P<0.001)and strain source(X~2=23.241,P<0.001).The risk of food-borne Salmonella resistance in Liaoyuan City is 18.581 times that of Songyuan City.The risk of food-borne Salmonella resistance in 2015,2016,2017,and 2019 was 10.640 times,4.573 times,11.340 times,and 3.880 times that of 2013,respectively.The risk of drug resistance of Salmonella from foodborne diseases is 4.517 times that of food contamination sources.(2)The difference in food-borne Salmonella under the following conditions is statistically significant,multi-drug resistance in different cities(X~2=28.130,P<0.01),year(X~2=48.920,P<0.001),serotype(X~2=8.989,P=0.03).The multi-drug resistance risk of food-borne Salmonella in Jilin City,Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture,Baicheng City,and Tonghua City are 0.305 times,0.241 times,0.296 times,and 0.310 times that of Songyuan City,respectively.The risk of multi-drug resistance of food-borne Salmonella in 2015 and2017 was 5.493 times and 2.463 times that of 2013.The risk of multi-drug resistance of Salmonella typhimurium is 1.834 times that of Salmonella enteritidis.The risk of multi-drug resistance of food-borne Salmonella in 2015 and 2017 was 5.493 times and 2.463 times that of 2013.The risk of multi-drug resistance of Salmonella typhimurium is 1.834 times that of Salmonella enteritidis.5.Correlation analysis of drug resistance:(1)There are statistically significant differences in drug resistance of ciprofloxacin(X~2 =17.437,P=0.008),cotrimoxazole(X~2=48.614,P<0.001),nalidixic acid(X~2=49.583,P<0.001),genamicin(X~2=18.741,P=0.005),tetracycline(X~2=18.516,P=0.005)and cefotaxime(X~2=33.150,P<0.001)in different years.The risk of resistance to ciprofloxacin in 2015 is 4.943 times that in 2013.The risk of cotrimoxazole resistance in 2015,2017,2018 and 2019 is 9.503 times,5.191 times,3.067 times and 3.738 times of that in 2013,respectively.The drug resistance risk of nalidixic acid in 2015,2016,2017 and 2018 is 9.319 times,2.821 times,2.692 times and 2.172 times of that in 2013 respectively.The risk of gentamicin resistance in 2015 is 4.709 times that in 2013.The risk of tetracycline resistance in 2015 and 2017 is 3.038-fold and 2.106 fold higher than that in 2013 respectively.The risk of cefotaxime resistance in 2014,2016,2018 and 2019 is0.111 times,0.309 times,0.402 times and 0.426 times of that in 2013 respectively.(2)Ciprofloxacin(X~2=18.308,P<0.001),chloramphenicol(X~2=18.932,P<0.001),nalidixic acid(X~2=157.652,P<0.001),genamicin(X~2=6.313,P=0.012),tetracycline(X~2=135.004,P<0.001),cefotaxime(X~2 =4.548,P=0.033)had statistically significant differences in drug resistance among different serotypes.The drug resistance risk of Salmonella typhimurium to ciprofloxacin,chloramphenicol,nalidixic acid,gentamicin,tetracycline and cefotaxime was3.122,2.631,0.075,2.175,10.176 and 1.691 times of Salmonella enteritidis,respectively.(3)Nalididinic acid(X~2 =5.921,P=0.015)and cefotaxime(X~2 =7.915,P=0.005)showed statistically significant differences in drug resistance from different strains.Salmonella nalidixic acid,a source of food-borne diseases,is 2.050 times more resistant to food contamination.Conclusion:This study found that:(1)Year,region,serotype and strain source are important influencing factors of food-borne Salmonella drug resistance.(2)The multi-drug resistance rate of food-borne Salmonella in Jilin Province is increasing year by year.(3)There are statistically significant differences in the drug resistance of food-borne Salmonella in different urban areas of Jilin Province.And there are regional differences in the level of drug resistance of Salmonella in Jilin Province and other provinces in our country.(4)Salmonella serotypes are widely distributed in Jilin Province.(5)There are statistically significant differences in drug resistance of food-borne Salmonella from different sources to different drugs. |
PDF Full Text Request