Production And Control Of Microplastics In Life Cycle Of Polyester Fabric

In recent years,as a new type of pollutant,microplastics have come into the field of vision of scientists.More and more researchers and the public begin to pay attention to the pollution of microplastics.Microplastics usually refer to plastic particles whose size are less than 5mm,which can be divided into primary microplastics and secondary microplastics.Microplastics are widely distributed in the environment of ocean,river,lake,soil and atmosphere.Due to the small size and large specific surface area of microplastics,which are difficult to degrade and may adsorb toxic and harmful substances,they are harmful to the ecological environment and may threaten human health.Textile microplastics constitute a large part of environmental microplastics,accounting for 35% of all types of microplastics in the ocean.Therefore,it is urgent to study the generation and control of textile microplastics.In the life cycle of textiles,microplastics may be released during production(including printing and dyeing processing,packaging and transportation),industrial washing,home washing and drying,and wearing.In this paper,the microplastics produced by textiles in the process of home washing were mainly studied.Aiming at wool polyester blended fabrics,this kind of fabrics were studied by simulating the home washing mode.The generation and control of textile microfibers were explored as follows:(1)Three methods(visual counting one by one,visual statistical counting and automatic counting)were used to count the release microfiber of three identical fabrics.The simulated domestic washing conditions were as follows: the bath ratio was 1:50,the washing temperature was25 ?,the washing time was 60 min,and the detergent was 5g/L.Among them,the counting results of three pieces of the same fabric by visual counting method are uniform,which indicates that the experimental results of this method are highly repeatable.Due to the one by one counting characteristics,almost all microfibers can be counted,but its disadvantage is that it consumes time and effort.The statistical method used by visual counting method is the same as that of automatic counting method.However,both the distribution of microfibers on filter paper and selected area are relatively random,so the results could be quite different,so the results may be quite different.Therefore,in the follow-up studies,the visual counting method were used to ensure the relative accuracy of the experimental results.(2)The influencing factors of microfiber shedding amount were explored.When the washing temperature and washing time increased,the microfiber shedding amount increased;the bath ratio had little effect on the micro fiber shedding amount;among the three kinds of fabrics,polyester viscose blended fabric and woolen fabric,the polyester viscose blended fabric had the least shedding amount,while the other two fabrics were relatively more.When the washing conditions were as follows: bath ratio 1:50,washing temperature 25 ?,washing time 60 min and detergent 5 g/L,about 1496 fibers were released from wool polyester blended fabric,which weighs 3 g.(3)The surface of wool polyester blended fabric was modified by three agents(ROCO-PLAST PSM anti pilling finishing agent,FERAN SSG 300 antiskid agent and dopamine).ROCO-PLAST PSM anti pilling finishing agent can reduce microfiber shedding by 23.7% at most.The optimum modification process is as follows: fabric was treated with 50 g/L agent,baking at 130 °C for 3 min,an the pick-up is 80%;FERAN SSG 300 antiskid agent can reduce microfiber shedding by 19.2%at most.The optimum modification process is as follows: fabric was treated with 20g/L agent,baking at 120°C for 2 min,and the pick-up is 80%;washing tests of treated fabrics showed the effectiveness of the treatment with dopamine in reducing of about 66.8% the amount of microfibrics released by untreated fabrics.The optimum modification process is: fabric was treated with 2g/L dopamine hydrochloride,liquor ratio is 1:80,and the pH of the solution was adjusted to 8.5 with Tris.The solution was shaken in an oscillating dyeing machine at 30 °C for 8 hours.Take out the sample,wash it thoroughly,and dry it at 40 °C to obtain the fabric with polydopamine film on its surface.The surface morphology and appearance of the fabric were analyzed by SEM.It was observed that the dense molecular layer of polydopamine was deposited on the surface of the fabric.The surface composition of the fabric was analyzed by FTIR and XPS.It was proved that dopamine molecule was introduced into the fabric surface,which enhanced the adhesion between fibers and reduced the release of microfibers during washing.