Study On Novel Plant Salt And Its Regulating Effect On Blood Pressure

Traditional bamboo salt is a product obtained by putting sun-dried sea salt into fresh bamboo tube,sealing with yellow mud and calcining at high temperature.It has a long history of edible and medicinal use among the people.The novel plant salt is a product obtained by mixing sea salt with plant extracts and using modern heating technology for fusion and recrystallization.Its appearance,color,purity,element abundance and biological efficacy have been significantly improved,among which the representative ones are novel bamboo salt and plum salt.In today's society,it has almost become a consensus that high salt(high sodium)diet induces hypertension.Excessive sodium intake not only leads to increased cardiac output,but also may induce individual immune response,especially the differentiation of Th17 cells closely related to hypertension,thus increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease.However,the effect of bamboo salt on the prevention of hypertension has long been reported in Korea,and the results of our previous exploratory study also showed that the novel plant salt(novel bamboo salt and plum salt)did not significantly increase the systolic blood pressure in SD rats when given high dose of intragastric administration.In order to comprehensively understand the composition of the novel plant salt and its effects on blood pressure and immune response in rats,we started from the analysis of the elemental composition,the ion content of the aqueous solution,the insoluble matter composition and gas molecules,and studied the effects of the novel plant salt and plum salt on the secretion of IL-17A by human lymphocytes,the effect of high intake(8%of the diet)on blood pressure,organ damage and inflammation in experimental rats,and the improving effect of novel plant salts by gavage on hypertension induced by high sodium diet.The main results are summarized as follows:(1)The color and composition of the novel plant salts.Novel plant salts with different colors and properties,including violet bamboo salt(v BS),blue bamboo salt(b BS),violet plum salt(v PS)and blue plum salt(b PS),were prepared by goal-oriented process optimization.The content of sodium in the novel plant salt is obviously reduced,but the elements such as potassium,phosphorus,manganese,magnesium and silicon are more abundant.The content of silicon,manganese and bromine in the novel bamboo salt(v BS and b BS)was higher than that in the plum salt,while the content of potassium in the plum salt(v PS and b PS)was significantly higher than that in the bamboo salt.The contents of sulfur,calcium,iron,silicon and magnesium in the violet plant salts(v BS and v PS)are higher,while the high levels of yttrium(Y)and chromium(Cr)in the blue plant salts(b BS and b PS)may be one of the reasons for their color.The content of Na Cl in the novel bamboo salt is about 85%,and the content of Na Cl in the plum salt is less than 80%,but the content of KCl is about 8%.The precipitate of the novel plant salt solution mainly consists of silicate,phosphate and magnesium oxide.The presence of H₂S in violet plant salt(up to 6.75mg/g)is the material basis of its rotten egg flavor.The novel plant salts of different varieties showed photochromic phenomenon after X-ray irradiation.(2)Effect of novel plant salts on human lymphocytes in vitro.The activity of human lymphocytes and the secretion of IL-17A were measured after adding 20 or 40mmol/L of raw salt(RS),violet bamboo salt(v BS)and blue plum salt(b PS)to cultured human lymphocytes in vitro.The results showed that the addition of v BS and b PS was non-cytotoxic and did not increase the secretion of IL-17A in lymphocytes as RS did,suggesting that v BS and b PS helped to inhibit the inflammatory response caused by high sodium.(3)Animal experimental research on the prevention of hypertension by novel plant salt.In this study,male SD rats were divided into 5 groups with 7 rats in each group,including the normal control group,the positive control group containing 8%low sodium salt(LSS),the high sodium control group containing 8%pure Na Cl,and two novel plant salt experimental groups containing 8%b BS and 8%b PS.Rats eat and drank freely.After 10 weeks of continuous feeding,the systolic blood pressure of rats in the high sodium control group(8%pure Na Cl)reached 140 mm Hg,while the systolic blood pressure of rats in the two experimental groups(8%b BS and 8%b PS)was normal(120 mm Hg),and the urine volume was significantly increased(p<0.01).The heart,kidney and blood vessel were in good condition.The levels of two pro-inflammatory factors,IL-17A and IL-6,were significantly lower than those in the high sodium control group,while the levels of anti-inflammatory factor,IL-10,were significantly higher than those in the high sodium control group(p<0.01)and better than those in the low sodium salt positive control group.The results indicate that the novel plant salt can promote urination,inhibit inflammation and protect the function of the viscera,and thus play a role in preventing hypertension.(4)The improving effect of novel plant salts on hypertension induced by high sodium in SD rats.Twenty-eight SD rats were fed a high-sodium diet containing 8%pure Na Cl for 12 weeks to obtain high-sodium induced hypertensive model rats(HSD).The rats were divided into 4 groups with 7 rats in each group.Na Cl,b BS,b PS at 200mg/kg/d(equivalent to 2.5g salt intake per day for adults)and nifedipine(2.1mg/kg/d)were gavaged respectively.Normal rats(NSD)without model treatment were set as normal control group and gavaged at 200mg/kg/d Na Cl.The results showed that the blood pressure of the b BS and b PS experimental groups was significantly lower than that of the hypertensive group with the same dose of Na Cl(p<0.05).At the fourth week,the blood pressure of the b BS and b PS experimental groups was reduced to the normal level of 125 mm Hg.At the same time,the damage of the heart,kidney and blood vessel of the rats was improved.The serum IL-17A content and the mesenteric lymph node IL-6 content were slightly decreased,and b BS significantly reduced the serum urea nitrogen content(p<0.01),while the uric acid level returned to normal.In conclusion,the prevention and treatment model were used respectively,and found the novel plant salt showed"prevention"and"improve"double effect on hypertension.Mechanism of these effects may be associated with autoimmune response of rats,and we speculate that its material basis is derived from the rich element composition and special lattice structure of the novel plant salt.