Biological Function Of Bamboo Salt And Rock Salt

Bamboo salt and rock salt are healthy salt specially processed with sea salt, which are famous for its alkaline feature. They have anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, curing gastrointestinal disease and anti-cancer effects. In order to provide theory basis for the application of these functional salts as alkaline food, the physical and chemical properties and sensory quality of bamboo salt (The9-times-baked bamboo salt) and rock salt (Himalayan rock salt) have been investigated and the effect of controlling Chronic Metabolic Acidosis(CMA) and Chronic Kidney Disease(CKD) triggered by it, and also anti-cancer activity in3kinds of human tumor cells line(gastric cancer BGC-823, SGC-7901and colone cancer Caco-2cell) have been studied. The main research content and results were as follows:1.The result after detecting the content of NaCl, pH value, electrical conductivity(EC) and the content of elements of3kinds of salts(bamboo salt, rock salt and sea salt), and also sensory evaluation showed that:the content of NaCl tended to be sea salt>rock salt>bamboo salt. Significant difference was found in3kinds of salt water solution, bamboo salt water solution and rock salt water solution was alkaline no matter in high(5.0%), medium(1.0%) and low(0.2%) concentrations and was in a dose independent manner, while sea salt solution was faintly acid in the same concentrations.In low (0.2%) concentration, EC of bamboo salt and rock salt was higher than that of sea salt. The content of iron, potassium, magnesium, calcium, zinc and copper of bamboo salt and rock salt was higher than sea salt. The sensory quality of bamboo salt and rock salt was better than that of sea salt.2. SD rats were divided into normal group(n=14) and model group(n=84), with freely drinking of0.28mol/L NH4Cl solution for14days. Then model rats were divided into normal group, control group, model group, positive control group, bamboo salt group, rock salt group and sea salt group(n=7), and were given intragastric administration in1mL day-1(100g of body weight)-1for14days(0.15% sodium citrate for positive control group and1.50%bamboo salt, rock salt, sea salt solution for experimental groups respectively). Before and after the intragastric administration, blood gase of both arterial and venous blood, serum carbonic anhydrase(CA) activity, kidney coefficient, the level of serum Na+, Cl-, K+, Ca2+and P of both serume and urine, the level of urine protein(U.P) within24hours, Serum Blood Urea Nitrogen(BUN), Serum Creatinin(S.Cre) and Serum Protein(S.P) of all rats were detected, also kidney tissue was inspected by electron microscope after HE and PAS staining. The results demonstrated that:(1) Bamboo salt and rock salt could more effectively decrease the blood pH value, the Blood Base Excess(Beb) and the Standard Bicarbonate Radical(SBC) in plasma, inhibit the increase of CA activity of the CMA rats than sea salt. Bamboo salt had better anti-acidosis effect than rock salt.(2) Bamboo salt and rock salt could effectively inhibit the enlargement of kidney(p<0.01), decrease the level of serum and urine Cl-(p<0.01), promote the reabsorption of Na+and Ca2+in kidney(p<0.05or p<0.01), significantly decrease the content of U.P and serum BUN(p<0.05or p<0.01), prevent the expansion of kidney tubules and swelling of PCT epithelial cells, and also inhibit the enlargement of glomerulus, proliferation of mesangial cells and basement membrane thickening. It indicated that bamboo salt and rock salt can control CKD through relieving CMA. Sea salt has no such kind of effect. It was hard to clearly clarify the difference of the controlling CKD effect of bamboo salt, rock salt and positive control because of the inconsistency of results showed by different indexes.3. MTT method showed that bamboo salt and rock salt had no effect on normal human cell GES-1, but could inhibit the proliferation of3tumor cells. However, the effect of sea salt on4tumor cells was different. All of bamboo salt, rock salt and sea salt could inhibit the proliferation of gastric cancer cell SGC-7901in dose and time independent manner, and bamboo salt showed the best effect. The IC50value of gastric cancer cell SGC-7901treated with bamboo salt, rock salt and sea salt for24hours was0.57～1.11%, for48hours, the IC50value was0.29～0.43%, and bamboo salt also had the best effect. Bamboo salt, rock salt and sea salt could well inhibit the proliferation of gastric cancer cell BGC-823and colone cancer cell Caco-2, but was not in dose neither time manner. The IC50value of gastric cancer cell BGC-823treated with bamboo salt for24and48hours were0.29%and0.57%, for cell Caco-2, the IC50value were0.11%and0.14%. However, sea salt had no effect on the growth of gastric cancer cell BGC-823, and even could promote it. The IC50value of colone cancer cell Caco-2treated with sea salt for24and48hours were0.15%and0.21%, respectively.This study has certain reference for the deeper and further study of effect of bamboo salt and rock salt on anti-acidosis, anti-CKD and against gastrointestinal tumor in vitro. What’s more, this can provide theory basis for the development and application for both of them as alkaline and functional food.