Effect Of Xylooligosaccharides On Improving Chronic Diarrhea Symptoms

Diarrhea is a common digestive system disease.Chronic diarrhea occurs when diarrhea symptoms persist for more than 4 weeks or recur.The cause of chronic diarrhea is usually gastrointestinal dysfunction,bacterial infection,inflammation,etc.The patient's daily stool volume and frequency of bowel movements increase,the nature of the stool is thin,the course of the disease is very long,and serious intestinal flora imbalance will occur.Common clinical drugs such as montmorillonite powder,antibiotics and nutrient solutions have a quick effect in a short time,but the relief effect is not good,and the effect on gastrointestinal function is not good.Studies have shown that prebiotics can interfere with certain gastrointestinal diseases.Xylooligosaccharides(XOS),as a new kind of prebiotics,can promote the proliferation of bifidobacteria,and its effect on chronic diarrhea is unclear.Therefore,this study attempts to explore the preventive and ameliorating effects of XOS on chronic diarrhea.First,according to the principle of randomized parallel controlled experiments,patients with clinical chronic diarrhea were randomly divided into three groups: placebo group(3 g maltodextrin per day),low-dose XOS group(3 g XOS per day)and high-dose XOS group(6g XOS per day),the intervention period was 4 weeks.The results showed that the diarrhea symptoms and lipid metabolism levels in the XOS intervention group showed a trend of improvement.The content of butyric acid in feces increased,and the abundance of Blautia,Megamonas,Bifidobacterium,Romboutsia,Lachnospiraceae increased(P > 0.05),among which Bifidobacterium increased by 108.76%,Bacteroides,Prevotella decreased(P > 0.05),indicating that XOS can change the diversity of gut microbiota.Subsequently,the fecal bacteria liquid of the three groups of patients after intervention was given by gavage to the three groups of SPF mice,and the gavage was continued for 24 days.The results showed that the mouse intestinal barrier of the fecal bacteria liquid of the patients in the XOS intervention group by gavage tended to stabilize,the symptoms of colon inflammation were significantly relieved,and the level of intestinal permeability-related index D-lactic acid(D-LA)was significantly reduced(P < 0.01),the content of tight junction protein ZO-1 increased significantly(P < 0.05),Occludin showed an increasing trend(P > 0.05),the content of acetic acid and butyric acid increased significantly(P > 0.05),and the diversity of gut microbiota increased,Bifidobacterium,Lactobacillus,Alloprevotella,Ruminococcus,Lachnospiraceae?UCG-001 had an increasing trend(P > 0.05),the abundance of Prevotellaceae-UCG-001 increased significantly(P < 0.05),and the content of Bacteroides,Parabacteroides and Akkermansia decreased(P > 0.05),the KEGG differential pathway was mainly concentrated in the metabolic pathway,indicating that XOS regulates certain metabolic pathways by changing the gut microbiota.Finally,in order to explore the preventive effect of XOS on chronic diarrhea,an animal experiment of XOS to prevent senna combined with CRS-induced chronic diarrhea was carried out.After XOS preventive gavage of mice,the diarrhea index decreased significantly(P < 0.05),the level of intestinal propulsion decreased significantly(P < 0.05),and the level of inflammatory factors,colon length,and pathological section results were all significantly reduced after chronic diarrhea model treatment.Some improvement,the level of intestinal permeability-related index D-LA decreased significantly(P < 0.05),and the results of immunohistochemistry and cytokine measurement together indicated the improvement of tight junctions.The level of short-chain fatty acids had a rising trend(P > 0.05),the diversity of gut microbiota increased,Bifidobacterium,Alloprevotella,Blautia,Lachnospiraceae?Uncultured,Ruminococcus,Prevotellaceae?unclassified had an increasing trend(P > 0.05),Bacteroides(P< 0.05),Parabacteroides and Erysipelatoclostridium(P > 0.05)and other bacterial genera decreased.The KEGG differential pathway focused on the metabolic pathway,and the LEf Se analysis showed that the differential metabolic pathway was cofactor vitamin metabolism,amino acid metabolism,and carbohydrate metabolism.The above results showed that XOS could improve the gut microbiota,maintain the stability of the intestinal barrier,reduce the level of inflammation,and have a better improvement and preventive effect on chronic diarrhea symptoms.When the amount of XOS ingested by the human body is 3 g/day,the effect is relatively better.